eztli.

Headword: 
eztli.
Principal English Translation: 

blood; when combined with yollotl or yollotli, a metaphor for cacao (see cacahuatl)

Orthographic Variants: 
yeztli
IPAspelling: 
estɬi
Alonso de Molina: 

eztli. sangre.
Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 29v. col. 2. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription.

Frances Karttunen: 

EZ-TLI inalienably possessed form: -EZYŌ~-EZZŌ blood / sangre (M) The ZY sequence of the possessed form commonly assimilates to ZZ
Frances Karttunen, An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992), 79.

Attestations from sources in English: 

Auh yn iquac vel jlhujtl, in ie oallatujh, in ioaltica tiçacalaçaz, titlacoqujxtiz: ynjn motlapilchioal, iuh ticnamjctiz y: auh ynjn iuh namjque ez y: = “And when it is the day of the feast, at night thou shalt pierce thy tongue with straws and maguey spines. With these thou shalt thus repent thy sins. These thou thus payest in blood. (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 1 -- The Gods; No. 14, Part 2, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1950), 10.

Jn itlatlauhtiloca in itlaçoezçotzin in to.º itech mana in psalmo ahnoço cantico teocuicatl inic quimoyectenehuilia in tonantzin sancta yglesia in dios, yn ipan maytines = The importing of our Lord's precious blood is taken from the psalm or canticle [a sacred song] with which our mother the holy Church praises God during matins (central Mexico, early seventeenth century)
Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 2, 180–181.

eztli = blood; teezio = our blood; ezio = bloody; eztemalli = bloody pus; ezcujcujltic = mingled with blood; tonenca in eztli = our life [is] blood; eȇzio = very bloody (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 10 -- The People, No. 14, Part 11, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 96, 97, 132.

in teezio tenecauhca, teoxiio, tetlapallo, tetech quizqui, tepiltizin, teconeuh. = the one of noble lineage [is] one's treasure, one's jewel, one's noble child; a descendant of nobles; one's child. (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 10 -- The People, No. 14, Part 11, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 22.

Auh yhuan ya yepohualxihuitl ypan nauhxihuitl yn ipan i. calli xihuitl 1545. años. yn toyacacpa eztli quiz. = And also, it was 64 years ago, in the year 1 House, 1545, that blood came out of people's noses. (central Mexico, 1608)
Annals of His Time: Don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, James Lockhart, Susan Schroeder, and Doris Namala, eds. and transl. (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2006), 136–137.

iceliloca in tlaçomahuiznacayotzin (yhuan itlazomahuizezzotzin) to Tecuiyo = the beloved, venerated Body (and the beloved, venerated Blood) of our venerated Lord (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Susanne Klaus, Uprooted Christianity: The Preaching of the Christian Doctrine in Mexico, Based on Franciscan Sermons of the 16th Century Written in Nahuatl (Bonn: Bonner Amerikanistische Studien e. V. c/o Seminar für Völkerkunde, Universität Bonn, 1999), 143.

theuc totolim, ca huey Pillí, cuali Eztlí = Theuctotolim, cah hue:i pilli, cualli eztli = Teuctotolin, who was a great noble of good blood.
Anónimo mexicano, ed. Richley H. Crapo and Bonnie Glass-Coffin (Logan, UT: Utah State University Press, 2005), 50.

Auh in nehhuātl ahmō nezzoh, ahmō nitlapalloh = But as for me, I do not have any blood, I do not have any color [i.e., I am not vulnerable]. (Atenango, between Mexico City and Acapulco, 1629)
Hernando Ruiz de Alarcón, Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain, 1629, eds. and transl. J. Richard Andrews and Ross Hassig (Norman and London: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 75.

Auh in nèhuatl àmo nezço àmo nitlapallo = But I am as without blood or flesh (i.e., insensible) (Atenango, between Mexico City and Acapulco, 1629)
Hernando Ruiz de Alarcón, Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain, 1629, eds. and transl. J. Richard Andrews and Ross Hassig (Norman and London: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 75.

Yehhuāntin ezzohtihuītzeh; tlapallohtihuītzeh = They come possessing blood; they come possessing color [i.e., they come being vulnerable].
(Atenango, between Mexico City and Acapulco, 1629)
Hernando Ruiz de Alarcón, Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain, 1629, eds. and transl. J. Richard Andrews and Ross Hassig (Norman and London: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 75.

quiquatzayanac yxquich esti oquiquixtilic = he broke her head and made much blood spurt out (Jalostotitlan, 1611)
Beyond the Codices, eds. Arthur J.O. Anderson, Frances Berdan, and James Lockhart (Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center, 1976), Doc. 27, 168–169.

auh in iquezpan quimamanticatca iacatecpaio: in iezpan çan amatl = And at his hips he carried his blood banner, just of paper (Mexico City, sixteenth century)
James Lockhart, We People Here: Nahuatl Accounts of the Conquest of Mexico, Repertorium Columbianum v. 1 (Los Angeles: UCLA Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 1993), 128, 130.

itlaçohezçotzi = his precious blood (Culhuacan, 1580)
James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 191.

quimioa in mamalti, ic monemachti, cuix quizque in imezço = He sent captives in case [the Spaniards] should drink their blood. (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
James Lockhart, We People Here: Nahuatl Accounts of the Conquest of Mexico, Repertorium Columbianum v. 1 (Los Angeles: UCLA Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 1993), 82.

itlaçoezçotzin, itlazoezçotzin = his precious blood
Robert Haskett and Stephanie Wood's notes from Nahuatl sessions with James Lockhart and subsequent research.

nimā quicuaja yn iezço caxtica, yoã aço amatl contlaçaia in caxic, quichichinaltiaya y eztlj = They then collected the blood in a bowl and perhaps cast a paper into the bowl, which absorbed the blood. (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fray Bernardino de Sahagún, Primeros Memoriales, ed. Thelma D. Sullivan, et al. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), 74.

tezyo chichiltic / tlapaltic = Our blood: It is crimson, it is red. (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fray Bernardino de Sahagún, Primeros Memoriales, ed. Thelma D. Sullivan, et al. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), 257.

ezcocotlli viviconticac = Our blood vessels: They are climbers. (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fray Bernardino de Sahagún, Primeros Memoriales, ed. Thelma D. Sullivan, et al. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), 257.

teezyo tetech quiz tlaçotli = Blood of noblemen: He issues from noblemen; he is precious. (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fray Bernardino de Sahagún, Primeros Memoriales, ed. Thelma D. Sullivan, et al. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), 259.

ynic pati extetl yoã epaçotl ynelhuayo nicã muchiua. yoã çolli = it is treated with blood stone and the root of epazotl, which grows here, and quail (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fray Bernardino de Sahagún, Primeros Memoriales, ed. Thelma D. Sullivan, et al. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), 286.

nixixipehualoz, nohuiãpa ezquiçaz = I will be flayed all over, my body will bleed everywhere. (central Mexico, early sixteenth century)
Louise M. Burkhart, Before Guadalupe: The Virgin Mary in Early Colonial Nahuatl Literature, Institute for Mesoamerican Studies Monograph 13 (Albany: University at Albany, 2001), 93.

eztica timitonitzino ypãpa notlatlacul = you sweated with blood on account of my sins (central Mexico, mid-sixteenth century)
Louise M. Burkhart, Before Guadalupe: The Virgin Mary in Early Colonial Nahuatl Literature, Institute for Mesoamerican Studies Monograph 13 (Albany: University at Albany, 2001), 125.

oquiyocox oquimaquixti ica ytlaçohyezçotzin = created it and redeemed it with his precious blood (Tlaxcala, 1566)
Beyond the Codices, eds. Arthur J.O. Anderson, Frances Berdan, and James Lockhart (Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center, 1976), Doc. 1, 44–45

yeztli toyacacpa quiz = blood came from our noses (central Mexico, early seventeenth century)
Annals of His Time: Don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, James Lockhart, Susan Schroeder, and Doris Namala, eds. and transl. (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2006), 26–27.

Tetzon, teizti, teuitzyo, teaoayo, tetentzon, teixquamul, tetzicueuhca, tetlapanca. Quitoznequi: in aquin oncan tlacati tlatocamecayopan, pilpan: ioan nel no motocayotia. teezzo, tetlapallo = Someone's hair, nails, thorns, briers, eyebrows, chip, and silver. This means someone born of nobility, of a noble family. He was also designated as, someone's blood, someone's red ink (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Thelma D. Sullivan, "Nahuatl Proverbs, Conundrums, and Metaphors, Collected by Sahagún," Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 4 (1963), 148–149.

eztli tlapalli = blood + dye = a metaphor for offspring (central Mexico, 1634)
Bartolomé de Alva, A Guide to Confession Large and Small in the Mexican Language, 1634, eds. Barry D. Sell and John Frederick Schwaller, with Lu Ann Homza (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999), 22. tlamacazquj conitqui, quappiaztli, ielpan contilquetza yn malli, yn vncan ocatca yiollo, conezçotia, vel eztitlan conpolatia: njman no ic conjaujlia in tonatiuh, mitoa, ic catlitia = a priest, carried the [hollow] eagle cane and set it in the breast of the captive, there where the heart had been; he stained it with blood. Thereupon he offered [the blood] to the sun. It was said: “Thus he giveth [the sun] to drink.” (16th century, Mexico City)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 2—The Ceremonies, No. 14, Part III, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1951), 52.

Attestations from sources in Spanish: 

ytlaçoyezçotica oquimomaquixtili ca cenca nicnequi niquelehuia ynic onpa ilhuicatl ytic papacohuayan nechmohuiquiliz = redimió con su preciosísima sangre, y que la lleve a la corte del cielo en su gloria (Tetepango, Hidalgo, 1586)
Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos indígenas novohispanos, vol. 2, Testamentos en náhuatl y castellano del siglo XVI, eds., Teresa Rojas Rabiela, Elsa Leticia Rea López, Constantino Medina Lima (Mexico: Consejo Nacional de Ciencias Tecnología, 1999), 258–259.

yn ipilhua yn imixhuihua yn tetlacamecayohua yn teyesohua yn tetlapalohua ca cemicac quitequipanosque ytlali = sus nietos o parientes de su sangre, que siempre la trabajen la tierra (Acolma, 1581)
Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos indígenas novohispanos, vol. 2, Testamentos en náhuatl y castellano del siglo XVI, eds., Teresa Rojas Rabiela, Elsa Leticia Rea López, Constantino Medina Lima (Mexico: Consejo Nacional de Ciencias Tecnología, 1999), 242–243.

Dios que todo puede y que vino a salvar con su preciosa sangre = Dios ixquichi huelli oquiyocox oquimaquixti yca ytlaçoyeçotzin (Santa Bárbara, 1593)
Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos indígenas novohispanos, vol. 1, Testamentos en castellano del siglo XVI y en náhuatl y castellano de Ocotelulco de los siglos XVI y XVII, eds. Teresa Rojas Rabiela, Elsa Leticia Rea López, y Constantino Medina Lima (Mexico: CIESAS, 1999), 196-197.

ytetzinco chicahuatica yn totecuiyo Dios Jesuchristo ypanpa oquimomaquixtili yca yn itlaçoyeçotzin = con la redeción de Señor Jesuchristo, con su preciosa sangre (Santa Ana Acolco, 1629)
Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos indígenas novohispanos, vol. 1, Testamentos en castellano del siglo XVI y en náhuatl y castellano de Ocotelulco de los siglos XVI y XVII, eds. Teresa Rojas Rabiela, Elsa Leticia Rea López, y Constantino Medina Lima (Mexico: CIESAS, 1999), 186-187.

auh yn Atlixeliuhqui ca quin iquac momiquili yn eztli manca = Atlixeliuhqui apenas murió, en el tiempo de la hemorragia (Ciudad de México, 1558)
Luis Reyes García, Eustaquio Celestino Solís, Armando Valencia Ríos, et al, Documentos nauas de la Ciudad de México del siglo XVI (México: Centro de Investigación y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social y Archivo General de la Nación, 1996), 100.

huel miec momecahuitec yeztica = Se azotó mucho con cuerdas, se ensangrentó (Tlaxcala, 1662–1692)
Juan Buenaventura Zapata y Mendoza, Historia cronológica de la Noble Ciudad de Tlaxcala, transcripción paleográfica, traducción, presentación y notas por Luis Reyes García y Andrea Martínez Baracs (Tlaxcala y México: Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Secretaría de Extensión Universitaria y Difusión Cultural, y Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, 1995), 330–331.