icpalli.

Headword: 
icpalli.
Principal English Translation: 

a seat of authority; the indigenous throne

Orthographic Variants: 
ycpalli
IPAspelling: 
ikpɑlli
Alonso de Molina: 

icpalli. assentadero.
Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 33v. col. 2. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription.

Frances Karttunen: 

(I)CPAL-LI seat, specifically a certain type of seat for persons of authority, hence by extensions such a person himself or the authority of such a person / asentadero (M), sillón con respaldo, signo de poder de los antiguos jefes, los únicos que tenían el derecho de usarlos; … protector, jefe, gobernador, padre, madre, etc. (S) [(8)Bf.4r,4v,6v,7v,12v,13r, (I)Rp.148]. Seee -(I)CPAC.
Frances Karttunen, An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992), 95.

Attestations from sources in English: 

Mā yé nicān ximohuetziltīcan in amoyeyāntzinco in amocpalpantzinco = do sit down here in your places, your seats (central Mexico, 1570–80)
James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 198.

in ipetl, in icpal = his seat of authority (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
James Lockhart, We People Here: Nahuatl Accounts of the Conquest of Mexico, Repertorium Columbianum v. 1 (Los Angeles: UCLA Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 1993), 62.

yn ipetl yn icpaltzin = and as to the lord (literally, "his mat, his seat," a formula applied to persons in high authority) (Mexico City, 1587)
Beyond the Codices, eds. Arthur J.O. Anderson, Frances Berdan, and James Lockhart (Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center, 1976), Doc. 32, 200–201 and note 5.

in totechiuhcaoan yn ochpanaco, in tlatzonjlpico in tlatepachoco: injc contetecatiaque in petlatl, in icpalli = those who came clearing the way, who came clearing the trees, who came clearing the stones, so that they established the realm (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 68.

cauallopan eua icpalli = horse's saddle
quimunilvia. nopiltzitzine, cuix quiçaz yn ihiyotzin yn petlatl, yn icpally ca omoçentecac = They said to them: “My sons, by chance will the words of the mat, of the seat com forth?” (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fray Bernardino de Sahagún, Primeros Memoriales, ed. Thelma D. Sullivan, et al. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), 231.

Quimomaquiliz yn icpaltzin Quitlatocatlaliz yn tlalp y nohuia cemanajuac = he will give him his seat, he will install him as a ruler in heaven, on earth, everywhere in the world (central Mexico, late sixteenth century)
Louise M. Burkhart, Before Guadalupe: The Virgin Mary in Early Colonial Nahuatl Literature, Institute for Mesoamerican Studies Monograph 13 (Albany: University at Albany, 2001), 46.

IN tehoatzi in tisancta Iglesia, ma xicmoiecchichiuili in itlatocaicpaltzi in moteouh in motlatocauh in iehoatzi in tlatoani Jeus = May you, Holy Church, properly adorn the royal seat of your divinity, your ruler, who is ruler, Jesus! (central Mexico, early seventeenth century)
Louise M. Burkhart, Before Guadalupe: The Virgin Mary in Early Colonial Nahuatl Literature, Institute for Mesoamerican Studies Monograph 13 (Albany: University at Albany, 2001), 68.

ytolicpal = his rush seat (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fray Bernardino de Sahagún, Primeros Memoriales, ed. Thelma D. Sullivan, et al. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), 113.

yhuan huiyac ycpalli ome yetetl ycpalli huehuecapan = two benches and three high chairs (Culhuacan, sixteenth century)
Testaments of Culhuacan (provisionally modified first edition), eds. Sarah Cline and Miguel León-Portilla, online version http://www.history.ucsb.edu/cline/testaments_of_culhuacan.pdf, 14.

Mach iuqui aauayo ipan ticmati tlatoani, anozo petlatl icpalli: iuhquin auitzyo ipan ticmati, ixpan timoteiluitinemi. Azo muchipa moteiluia: cenca quitequipachotinemi in tlatoani = "Do you think that the king or the throne has no thorns? When you bring your dispute before him or when accusations are forever being made against others, do you think he has no briers? He is extremely vexed!" (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Thelma D. Sullivan, "Nahuatl Proverbs, Conundrums, and Metaphors, Collected by Sahagún," Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 4 (1963), 146–147.

in mopetlapantzinco, in mocpalpantzinco = thy reed mat, thy reed seat (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 17.

cujx nolujl, cujx nomaceoal in cujtlatitlan, in tlaҫultitlan in tinechmanjlia? in petlapan, in jcpalpan tinechmotlalilia = It is perhaps my desert, my merit that thou takest me from the excrement, from the filth, that thou placest me on the reed mat, on the reed seat (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 41.

in tetlatzontequililiztlahtocaycpalli. yn motenehua Sancto Officio = the royal seat of justice called the Holy Office (central Mexico, 1608–1609)
Annals of His Time: Don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, James Lockhart, Susan Schroeder, and Doris Namala, eds. and transl. (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2006), 154–5.

in cenquizca qualli Sancto tetlatzontequililiztlatocaycpalli = the consummately good and holy royal seat of justice (central Mexico, 1608–1609)
Annals of His Time: Don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, James Lockhart, Susan Schroeder, and Doris Namala, eds. and transl. (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2006), 154–5.

in vncan qujҫa in totecuioan in tetecutin, in tlatoque, in apia, in tepepia, in vncan qujҫa in petlati, in jcpalti, in vncan qujnmanjlia, in vncan qujnmopepenjlia in totecujo, in tloque, naoaque, in quauhpetlatl, in ocelopetlatl ipan cate: in jnmac manj in quauhxicalli, in quauhpiaztli = Thence emerge our lords, the lords, the rulers, the guardians of the city; thence emerge those assume the reed mat, the reed seat of authority, whom our lord, the lord of the near, of the nigh, setteth there, selecteth there: those who are of the order of eagles, those of the order of ocelots; those in whose hands rest the eagle vessel, the eagle tube (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 214.

ytolicpal, acacpalli = his stool of reeds and rushes (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 1 -- The Gods; No. 14, Part 2, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1950), 15.qujiaoaloa in temalacatl, yn oconiaoaloque, motlatlalia tecpantoque, ypan veuey icpalli, itoca quecholicpalli = they gathered around the circular, flat, sacrificial stone; they seated themselves according to rank on large chairs called quecholicpalli. (16th century, Mexico City)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 2—The Ceremonies, No. 14, Part III, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1951), 50.

Tocpal = (perhaps, "Our Throne" or "Our Seat") a personal name, attested as male, and found in the Matrícula de Huexotzinco (1560), folio 886 recto. This will be appearing in the Visual Lexicon of Aztec Hieroglyphs. (SW)

Tolicpalli = ("Tule Throne"), a personal name, attested as male, and found in the Matrícula de Huexotzinco (1560), folio 879 verso. This will be appearing in the Visual Lexicon of Aztec Hieroglyphs. (SW)

Attestations from sources in Spanish: 

Yn petlatl ycpalli yn tecpayotl çan no iuhqui yn Diego yn imon = El petate, la silla y el hilado también son para Diego y su yerno Bartolomé (Tulancingo, México, 1577)
Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos indígenas novohispanos, vol. 2, Testamentos en náhuatl y castellano del siglo XVI, eds., Teresa Rojas Rabiela, Elsa Leticia Rea López, Constantino Medina Lima (Mexico: Consejo Nacional de Ciencias Tecnología, 1999), 190–191.

tlatocaicpalli
"Al mismo tiempo que entraban a la lengua nahua palabras castellanas en préstamo, muchas palabras nahuas experimentaron una extensión de sentido para adecuarse a los cambios institucionales que experimentaba el pueblo."
Thelma Sullivan, Documentos tlaxcaltecas del siglo XVI en lengua náhuatl (Mexico: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 1987), 36.