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to gird oneself, to tie something or someone up, to take someone into custody (see Molina, Karttunen, and Lockhart); to lock someone up; to bind (as in years, or the bundling of a 52-year cycle)
See an image that represents ilpia in the Visual Lexicon of Aztec Hieroglyphs, ed. Stephanie Wood (Eugene, Ore.: Wired Humanities, 2020-present).
Acatl xihuitl 1611. años. axcan yehuatl ipan ĩ yn ome acatl xihuitl. yn iuh quihtotihui. quiteneuhtihui. huehuetque tachcocolhuan. toxiuh molpillia yn õpohuallonmatlacxiuhtica ypan onxiuhtica. yuh mochiuhtiuh. yn molpillitiuh yn inxiuh huehuetque. yn maca ҫan temallacatl. ynic yatiuh. ynic mocuecueptiuh ynic momallacachotiuh = Reed year, 1611. Now in this 2 Reed year, as the ancients our forebears said and mentioned, our years are tied, as was done every 52 years that the years of the ancients went along being tied, as though it were a wheel in its manner of going returning upon itself and revolving (central Mexico, 1610–1611)
auh yn oncā omoteneuh yn acucolco, oncan ynpan motlalli yn mexica huehuetque ynic quilpillizquia yn īxtiuh, auh ayemo huel quilpillique yn inxiuh yn oncā acucolco ypampa yn yaoyotl oncā ynpan mochiuh, auh yhuan yn oncā omoteneuh yn acucolco, oncan quimoquentique yn mexica yn quitocayotia amoxtli = And when the ancient Mexica settled among [their foes] in the aforesaid Acocolco, they would then have bound their years. But they could not yet bind their years in Acocolco because of the war that was made on them. And also it was in the aforesaid Acocolco that the Mexica dressed themselves in what they called amoxtli. (central Mexico, early seventeenth century)
yn 2. acatl 1299. años. motlalli yn tenoch. yn teyacanaz. ye omoteneuh ome acatl. ynic quilpillique. yn ixiuh yn culhuacan. ompa yn quitlallique.= in the said year 2 Reed, 1299, Tenoch was installed to be leader. In the said year 2 Reed, when they bound their years at Colhuacan, they installed him there. (1608, Central Mexico)
auh nauhpa yn otlihpa. yn inpan toxiuh molpilli mexica. = while the Mexica were on the way, our years were bound four times (1608, Central Mexico)
toxiuh molpia = our years are counted (i.e. a period ends and another starts) (Mexico, late seventeenth-century) (Techialoyan manuscript from San Cristóbal Texcalucan and Magdalena Chichicaspa)
cenyahque yn don Martin cortes Marques del valle yhuan ytiachcauh don luis cortes ylpitiaque = Don Martín Cortés, Marquéz del Valle, and his elder brother, don Luis Cortés, departed; they went under arrest.
oncã cõmaylpico = they came to tie him by the hands there (late sixteenth century, Central Mexico)
Patlachilpitica. Iquac mitoa: intla itla aca ic nechteixpauia = It is loosely tied. This is said when someone makes an accusation against me.
molpia = he is bound, it is attached
Auh in titici: njman ie ic qujnnetechilpia, connacaҫana = And the elderly matchmakers then tied them together (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
yn tlatoque quimilpi don Christa huicoque Mexico tlaliloque corte = don Tristán tomó presos a los tlahtoque y fueron llevados a México y puestos en la corte. (Tlaxcala, 1662–1692)
ylpiticatca matlactl tlacatl tlatoque quitepozçotique = Estuvieron presas diez personas de los tlahtoque. Les pusieron grillos (Tlaxcala, 1662–1692)
auh ma ce tlacatl topile xicmonauatili yniconilpizque in Francisco = que a una persona topile le ordenen para que aprese a Francisco (Tlatelolco, 1572)
posesion zan oc nepantla moquetza in calli yn aquin quitlacoz totenahuatil niman ylpiloz = la [posesión de la] casa queda en suspenso y quien viole nuestra orden será apresado (Ciudad de México, 1568)
yquac nica[n] ylpiticatca don Ant[oni]o Tlacopa[n] gov[ernad]or tecpa[n] in catca yquac in quiteylhuiaya in tlacopaneca yhua[n]pipiltin. = entonces aquí en el palacio estaba preso don Antonio gobernador de Tlacopan, entonces lo acusaban los tlacopanecas y los principales [pipiltin]. (ca. 1582, México)
nimitznavatia tiquimanaz tiquimilpiz yn aqui vel nezi tlatlacolli quichiva teixpan tetlaxima ichtequi. patoua. tlavana. temictia momictia yvan yn domingotica ylhuitlipan yn amo missa quita yn amo teutlatolli quicqui = te ordeno que los agarres que los encierres a aquel que parece que haga pecado, que sea adultero, ratero, que juegue dados, se emborrache, asesine, se suicide y en día domingo, en día fiesta no asista a misa y no escuche la palabra de Dios (Tlaxcala, 1565)