itoa. | Nahuatl Dictionary

Headword:

itoa.

Principal English Translation:

to say, to speak; to volunteer (see Karttunen, Lockhart, and Molina)

Orthographic Variants:

ihtoa

IPAspelling:

ihtoɑː

Alonso de Molina:

itoa. nin. (pret. oninito.) comedirse, o ofrecerse a hazer alguna cosa.
Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 43r. col. 2. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription.

itoa. niqu. (pret. oniquito.) dezir alguna cosa.
Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 43r. col. 2. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription.

itoa. nite. (pret. oniteito.) dezir bien, o mal de otro.
Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 43r. col. 2. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription.

Frances Karttunen:

(I)HTOĀ vrefl,vt to speak up, to volunteer; to say something, to speak well or ill of someone / comedirse u ofrecerse a hacer alguna cosa (M), decir alguna cosa (M), decir bien o mal de otro (M) (I)HTŌLŌ nonact. (I)HTOĀ (I)HTŌLTIĀ caus. (I)HTOĀ
Frances Karttunen, An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992), 100.

Horacio Carochi / English:

ìtoa = to say
Horacio Carochi, S.J., Grammar of the Mexican language with an explanation of its adverbs (1645), translated and edited with commentary by James Lockhart, UCLA Latin American Studies Volume 89 (Stanford: Stanford University Press, UCLA Latin American Center Publications, 2001), 504.

Lockhart’s Nahuatl as Written:

(1) niqu. to say. quihtōznequi, it means (literally it wants to say, perhaps based on Sp. quiere decir). Class 3: ōniquihtoh. 221
James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 221.
(2) nitla. to speak. -pan tlahtoa, to see to, take care of, be in charge of, sometimes to speak for. 221

Attestations from sources in English:

See an image that represents itoa in the Visual Lexicon of Aztec Hieroglyphs, ed. Stephanie Wood (Eugene, Ore.: Wired Humanities, 2020-present).

quito cocoxqui = the sick person said (Tlaxcala, 1566)
Beyond the Codices, eds. Arthur J.O. Anderson, Frances Berdan, and James Lockhart (Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center, 1976), Doc. 1, 44–45

quitotiyez, quitotiez = he is to speak about
Stephanie Wood, Mapa de Tolcayuca f. 3r., The Mapas Project, University of Oregon; write [email protected] for access to web pages. James Lockhart assisted with the translation

Itechpa mitoa = This is said of (or about)...
Iquac mitoa = This is said when... (16th c., central Mexico)
Thelma D. Sullivan, "Nahuatl Proverbs, Conundrums, and Metaphors, Collected by Sahagún," Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 4 (1963), 102–103.

moitoa = to make a vow
mitoz = will be said
omito, mito = it was said
Personal communication, James Lockhart

niguitogua = I say
This is a deviant orthography found in a testament from San Luis, Valley of Toluca, in 1699. The writer was not well practiced.
Caterina Pizzigoni, ed., Testaments of Toluca (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Center Publications, 2007), 56.

yn iuh onmito = thus is was said (early seventeenth century, Central Mexico)
Louise M. Burkhart, Before Guadalupe: The Virgin Mary in Early Colonial Nahuatl Literature, Institute for Mesoamerican Studies Monograph 13 (Albany: University at Albany, 2001), 142.

ye omito = it has already been said (central Mexico, seventeenth century)
Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 2, 94–95.

omonanahuatia yn illamatzin catca Maria Xoco yn iuh conitotia ca nel za nocel ca ye nonomiquiliz = dexó mandado la vieja que se dezía María Xoco y dexó mandado pues soy sola y me tengo de morir (Ciudad de Mexico, 1578)
Luis Reyes García, Eustaquio Celestino Solís, Armando Valencia Ríos, et al, Documentos nauas de la Ciudad de México del siglo XVI (Mexico City: Centro de Investigación y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social y Archivo General de la Nación, 1996), 152.

Attestations from sources in Spanish:

Tepetenchi Tlachtonco yn tlaxilacalpan conitoco contenehuaco ca otechallihua yn donya Anan de Guzman = del barrio de Tepetenchi Tlastongo del barrio, dijeron y nombraron que los había enviado doña Juana de Gusmán [en náhuatl: Anan] (Xochimilco, 1577)
Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos indígenas novohispanos, vol. 2, Testamentos en náhuatl y castellano del siglo XVI, eds., Teresa Rojas Rabiela, Elsa Leticia Rea López, Constantino Medina Lima (Mexico: Consejo Nacional de Ciencias Tecnología, 1999), 204–205.

Guito yn cocosqui nitlanauatia 3 tetl misa nopan guitozque yn teospisque nocuetzin yuan nohuipiltzin monamacaz yuan thotoltzintzintin monamacaz quetel = Dijo la enferma, que por mí digan los Padres tres misas y para la limosna se venderá mi huipile [y mi flada] y las gallinas [que son tres]
Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos indígenas novohispanos, vol. 1, Testamentos en castellano del siglo XVI y en náhuatl y castellano de Ocotelulco de los siglos XVI y XVII, eds. Teresa Rojas Rabiela, Elsa Leticia Rea López, y Constantino Medina Lima (Santa Bárbara Tamascolco, 1598), 286-287.

Dijo el enfermo = Quito ycocoxqui (Santa Ana Acoltzinco, 1673)
Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos indígenas novohispanos, vol. 1, Testamentos en castellano del siglo XVI y en náhuatl y castellano de Ocotelulco de los siglos XVI y XVII, eds. Teresa Rojas Rabiela, Elsa Leticia Rea López, y Constantino Medina Lima (Mexico: CIESAS, 1999), 194-195.

Tlein quitollo? = Que se dice?
Quitollo ca... = Se dice que... (México, s. XIX)
Faustino Chimalpopoca, Epitome o modo fácil de aprender el idioma Nahuatl o lengua mexicana (México: Tip. de la V. de Murgia e Hijos, Portal del Aguila de Oro, 1869), 121.

themes:

Speech, Speaking, Oral Tradition