Principal English Translation:
in front of; on top of, on the surface of; across from; among; facing
Frances Karttunen:
-ĪXCO compound postposition on one’s face, on the surface of / en la cara o en la sobrehaz (M), en su superficie (T) See ĪX-TLI, -C(O).
Frances Karttunen, An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992), 111.
Horacio Carochi / English:
-īxco = in the surface
Horacio Carochi, S.J., Grammar of the Mexican language with an explanation of its adverbs (1645), translated and edited with commentary by James Lockhart, UCLA Latin American Studies Volume 89 (Stanford: Stanford University Press, UCLA Latin American Center Publications, 2001), 504.
Lockhart’s Nahuatl as Written:
complex relational word. at the face or surface of something or someone. tēīxco tēicpac ninemi, to be rude and disrespectful. īxtli, -co.
James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 221.
Attestations from sources in English:
imixco tlatlachia in teci cioa = They passed among the grinding women (Mexico City, sixteenth century)
James Lockhart, We People Here: Nahuatl Accounts of the Conquest of Mexico, Repertorium Columbianum v. 1 (Los Angeles: UCLA Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 1993), 126.
eg. tlalixco = on the dirt
xalixco = on the sand
nixco = on top of me
Rebecca Horn's notes from Nahuatl classes with James Lockhart. Card file in possession of Stephanie Wood.
Attestations from sources in Spanish:
xalixco = frente a la arena
teixco = frente a la gente
tlalixco = frente a la tierra
Rebecca Horn's notes from Nahuatl classes with James Lockhart. Card file in possession of Stephanie Wood.