Principal English Translation:
in the time of; or a locative meaning on, at or in-place; over, on top of; with, by means of; for, in favor of; about (see Karttunen and Lockhart)
Frances Karttunen:
-PAN postposition on the surface of, for or at a particular time / dentro, sobre, en, durante, por (S) Z consistently has a long vowel, while there is agreement across other sources that the vowel is short.
Frances Karttunen, An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992), 186.
Lockhart’s Nahuatl as Written:
relational word. in, on, for, during, as, place of or among, etc.
-pan tlahtoa, to see to, take care of, be in charge of, sometimes to speak for.
James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 229.
Attestations from sources in English:
in yquac cocoliztli inpan, ohuala? = when some sickness came upon them
Bartolomé de Alva, A Guide to Confession Large and Small in the Mexican Language, 1634, eds. Barry D. Sell and John Frederick Schwaller, with Lu Ann Homza (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999), 101.
Attestations from sources in Spanish:
in yquac cocoliztli inpan, ohuala? = estando enfermos
Bartolomé de Alva, A Guide to Confession Large and Small in the Mexican Language, 1634, eds. Barry D. Sell and John Frederick Schwaller, with Lu Ann Homza (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999), 100–101.
tlalpan = en la tierra
nopan = en mí, sobre mí, por mí
ohpan = en el camino (de ohtli)
mopantzinco = en tí
calpan = en la casa
-pantzinco = (reverencia de pan)
amopan = sobre ustedes
ipan = sobre él/ella
impan = sobre ellos
Rebecca Horn's notes from Nahuatl classes with James Lockhart, now in the possession of Stephanie Wood.