yn ihuqui ipan catqui centetl nenonotzalli yvan notenavatil yvan hordenaças yn oncan catqui pena (Tlaxcala, 1547)
Beyond the Codices, eds. Arthur J.O. Anderson, Frances Berdan, and James Lockhart (Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center, 1976), Doc. 22.
otzatzihuac yn ihtic ciudad Mexico yn tliltique oquichti aocac espada quitecaz quihualhuicaz. yhuan cuello aocmo quitlalizque no yhui yn tliltique cihua aocmo tliltic manto quitlalizque yhuan mulatati moch quincahualtiq̃. yhuan pena yc quintlalilique. = it was proclaimed in the city of Mexico that black men were no longer to carry swords or wear [Spanish-style] collars, and likewise black women were no longer to wear black veils, and also prohibited all the mulatto women [from the same thing] and set a fine for them. (central Mexico, 1612)
Annals of His Time: Don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, James Lockhart, Susan Schroeder, and Doris Namala, eds. and transl. (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2006), 214–215.
auh ynic Pena motlalli yn aquin atle cuahuitl quitlatiz ychan matlactli Peso quixtlahuaz = The fine that was set was that whoever didn't burn wood at home would pay 10 pesos (central Mexico, 1614)
Annals of His Time: Don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, James Lockhart, Susan Schroeder, and Doris Namala, eds. and transl. (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2006), 286–7.
quixtlahuazque pena Cenpouali [pesos?] yc mocohuaz açeyten ytetzinco pohuis y Smo. Sacramento = they are to pay a fine of 20 pesos to buy olive oil to belong to the holly Sacrament (1655, Mexico City)
Jonathan Truitt, Sustaining the Divine in Mexico Tenochtitlan: Nahuas and Catholicism, 1523–1700 (Oceanside, CA: The Academy of American Franciscan History; Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 2018), 246, 251.
Pena de notificasion Año de 1703 (heading) (Azcapotzalco, 1703)
Beyond the Codices, eds. Arthur J.O. Anderson, Frances Berdan, and James Lockhart (Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center, 1976), Doc. 14.
niCan motlalilia pena (Azcapotzalco, 1703)
Beyond the Codices, eds. Arthur J.O. Anderson, Frances Berdan, and James Lockhart (Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center, 1976), Doc. 14.
This loanword is found in a verbal construction, quinpenatia, in a document from 1560 from Mexico City. See Documentos nauas, 169 (below). We also see penatica in the annals of San Juan del Río (Puebla), 102 (below).