temazcalli.

Headword: 
temazcalli.
Principal English Translation: 

a sweat house or steambath

S. L. Cline, Colonial Culhuacan, 1580-1600: A Social History of an Aztec Town (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1986), 237. See also Sarah Cline, "The Testaments of Culhuacan," in James Lockhart, Lisa Sousa, and Stephanie Wood, eds., Sources and Methods for the Study of Postconquest Mesoamerican Ethnohistory (Eugene, OR: Wired Humanities Project, e-book, 2007.

IPAspelling: 
temɑːskɑlli
Alonso de Molina: 

temazcalli. casilla como estufa, adonde se bañan y sudan.
Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 98r. col. 1. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription.

Frances Karttunen: 

TEMĀZCAL-LI pl: -TIN sweathouse for bathing / casilla como estufa a donde se bañan (M), temascal (T) [(1)Tp.225,(2)Zp.18,220,(3)Xp.84]. See TEM(A), CAL-LI.
Frances Karttunen, An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992), 222.

Attestations from sources in English: 

temazcal = "they used [it] a great deal for pregnant women, mothers of young children, and convalescents" (Central Mexico, 1571–1615)
The Mexican Treasury: The Writings of Dr. Francisco Hernández, ed. Simon Varey, transl. Rafael Chabrán, Cynthia L. Chamberlin, and Simon Varey (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2000), 67.

niman ye oncan quiquetza yn temazcalli: oncan callacque yn ihtic yn temazcalli. niman yc motema. auh ynic tlaquallanique oncan tetzinco mayauhque yn temazcalco = Then they set up a sweat bath there; they went inside the sweat bath and then bathed. And when they wished to eat in Tetzinco they withdrew from the sweat bath. (central Mexico, early seventeenth century)
Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 1, 98–99.

Ihcuac ye oquitlanqueh, ye oquichiuhqueh in temazcalli, motemoah in teoyoticatahtli ihuan mononotza in teopixqui. Ipan tonalli ihcuac moteochihuaz, no motocayotia. = Once the temascal has been completed, a godfather is sought and the priest is summoned. The day it is blessed, it is also given a name.
Librado Silva Galeana, "In temazcalli / The Temascal," in Words of the True Peoples: Anthology of Contemporary Mexican Indigenous-Language Writers / Palabras de los Seres Verdaderos: Antología de Escritores Actuales en Lenguas Indígenas de México, eds. Carlos Montemayor and Donald Frischmann (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2004), 200–203.

Tlatzilacayotli is a medicinal herb that was said to have the potential to "cause some terrible accidents," and it was recommended that the patient have a steam bath (temazcalli) after the herbal purge.
The Mexican Treasury: The Writings of Dr. Francisco Hernández, ed. Simon Varey, transl. Rafael Chabrán, Cynthia L. Chamberlin, and Simon Varey (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2000), 142.

manoҫo qujmottiti in temazcaltzintli, manoҫo itech aci, ma qujmottiti in tonan in temazcaltecitzin, in iooalticitl: in teimati, in techichioa, in jmac titetzaoa timaceoalti = May she come unto, may she come to know our mother, the grandmother of the baths, Yoalticitl, who adviseth one, who arrayeth one. In her hands we mature, we achieve our merit (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 149.

manoҫo nelle axcan, manoҫo itech xicmaxitili in ixuchicaltzin totecujo: in vncan motetetzavilia in nantli, in tecitzin, in tlacatl in iooalticitl: manoҫo qujcuj, manoҫo qujmottiti in temazcaltzintli = Verily now, introduce her into the xochicaltzin of our lady, the place where the mother, the grandmother, the lady Yoalticitl fortifieth [the body of the baby]. May she take to, may she encounter the sweatbath (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 151–2.

A ca nelle axcan, anqujmonochilia, anqujmotzatzililia, anqujticinotza in teteu innan: in tonan in iooalticitl, in qujtqujtica, in jmac ca, in jpial in xochicalli, in tlalticpac mjtoa temazcalli = For verily now ye cry out, ye call to summon Ticitl, the mother of the gods, Tonan, Yoalticitl, who governeth - in whose hands, in whose charge is - the xochicalli, which on earth is called 'sweatbath' (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 153.

ma xicmonanamjqujli in cioapilli, in qujlaztli: auh ma itech xicmaxitili in piltontli, in conetontli, in jxuchicaltzin totecujo, in temazcaltzintli: in vncan monoltitoc, in vncan motlapialia in tecitzin, in temazcaltecitzin in iooalticitl = Aid Ciuapilli, Quilaztli, and cause the baby, the girl, to go to the xochicalli of our lord, the sweatbath, where is to be found, where guardeth the grandmother, the grandmother of the sweatbath, Yoalticitl (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 155.

No iehoantin qujtlatlauhtiaia, in temazcaleque; ypampa y, quitlaliliaia yn jxiptla, in temazcalixquac, qujtocaiotiaia, temazcalteci. = Likewise owners of sweat-houses prayed to her; wherefore they caused her image to be placed in the front of the sweat-house. They called her “Grandmother of the Baths.” (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 1 -- The Gods; No. 14, Part 2, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1950), 4.

Attestations from sources in Spanish: 

Av in itle inic patiyovaz netemaliztli amo comunidad callaquiz ҫan quimocuiliz in temazcalle = Y lo que se cobre por el baño en el temazcal no entrará a la comunidad, sino que lo tomará el dueño del temazcal (Cuauhtinchan, Puebla, s. XVI)
Luis Reyes García, "Ordenanzas para el gobierno de Cuauhtinchan, año de 1559," Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 10 (1972), 304–305.

no ytla yc machiyo yez av in iontlamanixtiyhi tzacuhiticaz ytvallo yez tepanchinanyo yez inic amo ittalozque yn aquique yn ocan motema = el patio donde estén colocados será cerrado, habrá cerca de piedra para que no sean visibles los que se bañan en el temazcal (Cuauhtinchan, Puebla, s. XVI)
Luis Reyes García, "Ordenanzas para el gobierno de Cuauhtinchan, año de 1559," Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 10 (1972), 302–303.

nitlanavatiya in oquichtin ivan in ҫiva niman amo ymaҫica motemazque amo neliuhtinemizque inocan temazcalco = Por esto ordeno que los varones y las mujeres no se juntarán en el baño de vapor, no se mezclarán ahí en el temazcal (Cuauhtinchan, Puebla, s. XVI)
Luis Reyes García, "Ordenanzas para el gobierno de Cuauhtinchan, año de 1559," Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 10 (1972), 302–303.

oncan tlantica yn temazcaltontli = las dichas tierras o tierra llegan junto a un baño que nonbran temazcal (Ciudad de México, 1563)
Luis Reyes García, Eustaquio Celestino Solís, Armando Valencia Ríos, et al, Documentos nauas de la Ciudad de México del siglo XVI (México: Centro de Investigación y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social y Archivo General de la Nación, 1996), 105.

Ihcuac ye oquitlanqueh, ye oquichiuhqueh in temazcalli, motemoah in teoyoticatahtli ihuan mononotza in teopixqui. Ipan tonalli ihcuac moteochihuaz, no motocayotia. = Una vez que se ha acabado de construir el temascal, se busca un padrino y se llama al sacerdote. El día que see bendice también se le pone nombre.
Librado Silva Galeana, "In temazcalli / The Temascal," in Words of the True Peoples: Anthology of Contemporary Mexican Indigenous-Language Writers / Palabras de los Seres Verdaderos: Antología de Escritores Actuales en Lenguas Indígenas de México, eds. Carlos Montemayor and Donald Frischmann (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2004), 200–203.