tlacochtli.

Headword: 
tlacochtli.
Principal English Translation: 

a weapon, a projectile, a type of arrow (see Molina), perhaps a spear, a javelin, or a harpoon; also, seen as a man's name

Orthographic Variants: 
tlacuchtli
Alonso de Molina: 

tlacochtli. flecha.
Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 118r. col. 2. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription.

tlacuchtli. flecha o saeta.
Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 119v. col. 1. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription.

Attestations from sources in English: 

auh yn mitl yn mitohua yn tlacochtli. yn motocayotia tlatzontectli. quicuitlalpique. ypā motlallique yn atlan ynic hualpanoque = And the arrows, called tlacochtli, named tlatzontectli, they bound to their waists and rested on them as they swam across (central Mexico, early seventeenth century)
Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 1, 98–99.

tlacochtli = spear;
tlacochtli xochitl = spear flowers (late sixteenth century, Tetzcoco?)
Ballads of the Lords of New Spain: The Codex Romances de los Señores de la Nueva España, transcribed and translated by John Bierhorst (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2009), 32.

Iavtle, iautle xoconcuj in mochimal, xoconcuj in tlacochtli, in tevevelli, in javiltiloca tonatiuh = O Yaotl, O Yaotl, take thy shield, take the spear, the little shield which is for the gladness of the sun (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 204.

damia tlacochte [a name, Damian Tlacochte] (Tepetlaoztoc, sixteenth century)
Barbara J. Williams and H. R. Harvey, The Códice de Santa María Asunción: Facsimile and Commentary: Households and Lands in Sixteenth-Century Tepetlaoztoc (Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1997), 84.

toribio tlacochyaotl (the glyph next to the gloss for this name shows a macana and shield, symbolizing yaotl, and a spear, tlacochtli) (Tepetlaoztoc, sixteenth century)
Barbara J. Williams and H. R. Harvey, The Códice de Santa María Asunción: Facsimile and Commentary: Households and Lands in Sixteenth-Century Tepetlaoztoc (Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1997), 98–97.

Attestations from sources in Spanish: 

…yn onechtemo yn teouatica yn tlachinoltica auh yn tlacochtli yn teueueli y nomaceual…. = …me buscan para la guerra y para el dardo y el teueuelli, que son mi merecimiento…. (Quauhtinchan, s. XVI)
Historia Tolteca-Chichimeca, eds. Paul Kirchhoff, Lina Odena Güemes, y Luis Reyes García (México: CISINAH, INAH-SEP, 1976), 197, 166.

Yq[ua]c mic Tlacochtzin cuicani Amanalco cha[n]e. = En ese entonces murió Tlacochtzin, era cantor habitante de Amanalco. (ca. 1582, Mexico City)
Luis Reyes García, ¿Como te confundes? ¿Acaso no somos conquistados? Anales de Juan Bautista (Mexico: Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, Biblioteca Lorenzo Boturini Insigne y Nacional Basílica de Guadalupe, 2001), 166–167.

themes: 
Weapons, Shields, Heraldry