tlamacazqui.

Headword: 
tlamacazqui.
Principal English Translation: 

a minister/priest and servant of the temples of pre-Columbian times (see Molina); also, the deities associated with Tlalocan (see Sahagún); there were towns named Tlamacazompan (Codex Mendoza 36r) and Tlamacazcatzinco (Historia Tolteca Chichimeca); finally, this is a "derisive" name for a bird, the Mourning Dove (see Hunn, attestations)

The plural is tlamacazque[h].

IPAspelling: 
tɬɑmɑkɑski
Alonso de Molina: 

tlamacazque. ministros y seruidores delos templos delos ydolos.
Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 125r. col. 1. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription.

Frances Karttunen: 

TLAMACAZQUI one who served in a (preconquest) religious establishment, penitent / ministros y servidores de los templos de los ídolos (M for plural), penitente (R) [(1)Bf.10r]. See TLAMACA.
Frances Karttunen, An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992), 278.

Attestations from sources in English: 

oqujcalaqujque in teteu in tlamacazque in vmpa tlallocan = The gods, the Tlamacazque, carried it away, introduced it there into Tlalocan (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 36.

ma xiqujnmomacavili ỹ totecujoa, in teteu, in tlamacazque in jauhioque in copalloque: ma motlacotiliquj, ma motequjtiliquj, in tlalticpac = grant that our lords, the gods, the Tlamacazque, the lords of incense, the lords of copal may do their labor, may do their duty on earth (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 39.

in tlamacazqui, in Chicōme-Xōchitl, in nohuēltīuh, in Mixcōācihuātl, in Ācaxōch = the priest, Seven Flower [i.e., the male deer], my older sister, Mixcoacihuatl [i.e., the female deer], Acaxoch [i.e., the deer]
(Atenango, between Mexico City and Acapulco, 1629)
Hernando Ruiz de Alarcón, Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain, 1629, eds. and transl. J. Richard Andrews and Ross Hassig (Norman and London: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 100.

Nicān niquimonchiaz in notlahhuān, tlamacazqueh, Ōlchipīnqueh, Ōlpeyāuhqueh = Here I will wait for my uncles, the priests, Ones-dripping-with-rubber, Ones-overflowing-with-rubber
(Atenango, between Mexico City and Acapulco, 1629)
Hernando Ruiz de Alarcón, Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain, 1629, eds. and transl. J. Richard Andrews and Ross Hassig (Norman and London: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 90.

Auh in nehhuātl, ahmō nezzoh, ahmō nitlapalloh. Ca nehhuātl. Ca nitlamacazqui; niQuetzalcōatl = But as for me, I do not have any blood, I do not have any color [i.e., I am supernatural]. I am indeed the priest; I am Quetzalcoatl.(Atenango, between Mexico City and Acapulco, 1629)
Hernando Ruiz de Alarcón, Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain, 1629, eds. and transl. J. Richard Andrews and Ross Hassig (Norman and London: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 86.

Nitlamacazqui, nināhualtēuctli, ni Quetzalcōātl = I am the priest, I am the nahualli-lord, I am Quetzalcoatl
(Atenango, between Mexico City and Acapulco, 1629)
Hernando Ruiz de Alarcón, Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain, 1629, eds. and transl. J. Richard Andrews and Ross Hassig (Norman and London: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 83.

tlamacazqui teomama = the offering priest and god-carrier (central Mexico, early seventeenth century)
Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 1, 106–107.

tlalocatecutle tlamacazque = O lord of Tlalocan, O Tlamacazqui (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 36.

Intla calmecac qujpoa: mjtoa: calmecac caquja in oqujchtli, tlamacazquj iez, tlamaceuhquj iez, chipaoacanemjz = If they assigned him to the calmecac, it was said they put the male in the calmecac to be a priest. (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 209.

In the Historia Tolteca-Chichimeca, the tlamacazque appear in the shape of town founders, who did penitence and therefore became deserving of founding towns or taking over existing towns. See the attestations from sources in Spanish here in our dictionary. Also, Cohuenan prays to Ipalnemohuani, the Tloque Nahuaque, asking that the people be given "titechtlamacehuia titechmacaz yn mauh y motepeuh" (you grant us, you give us your water, your hill, i.e. your altepetl) after seeing (having a vision of) the Tlachihualtepetl (apparently the pyramid at Cholula). And Quetzalcoatl answers that Cohuenan has earned the benefit of this becoming his altepetl, and the current inhabitants, the Toltecs, will abandon it. (sixteenth century, Quauhtinchan)
Historia Tolteca-Chichimeca, eds. Paul Kirchhoff, Lina Odena Güemes, y Luis Reyes García (México: CISINAH, INAH-SEP, 1976), 143.

priest, generally lower-level
Susan Kellogg, Law and the Transformation of Aztec Culture, 1500-1700 (Norman and London: The University of Oklahoma Press, 1995), 227.

"Nahuallatolli was the 'language of the sorcerers' (Jansen 1985:6) and the 'principal credential for validating a person’s entry into the powerful, ethereal realm' (López Austin 1967:1) as he transforms himself into a tlamacazqui. In the context of incantations, the word tlamacazqui alludes to all the recipients of these chants (for example, water and the goddess of water), but at the same time it also refers to the sorcerer himself. Jacinto de la Serna (1953/1892) translates this word in the seventeenth century into Spanish as espiritado ('possessed'), a word that today has more the meaning of 'charmed,' 'bewitched,' or 'possessed by the divine spirit.'
Katarzina Mikulska Dubrowska, "'Secret Language' in Oral and Graphic Form: Religious-Magic Discourse in Aztec Speeches and Manuscripts," Oral Tradition, 25/2 (2010): 325-363. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236786259_Secret_Language_in_Or... [accessed Jul 18 2020].

TLAMA-CAZQUI, “type of priest,” derisive term for the Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura) [FC: 51 tlamacazqui] “…. So only at night, secretly, it
drinks water. And uilotl was named – his derisive named became – tlamacazqui, because he only said, ‘Let all go.’” See HUĪLŌ-TL “Mourning Dove.”
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 11 – Earthly Things, no. 14, Part XII, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1963); and, with quotation selections, synthesis, and analysis here also appearing in E. S. Hunn, "The Aztec Fascination with Birds: Deciphering Sixteenth-Century Sources," unpublished manuscript, 2022, cited here with permission.

Attestations from sources in Spanish: 

quiualhuicac yn itlamacazcauh ytoca Atecatl ye concuiliaya ynic tlamaceuaya yn uetztli yn tlacotl yacuican yeuan acito yn atlauimollco niman acito yn quetzaltepec = [Xelhuan] [t]rajo consigo a su tlamacazqui llamado Atecatl. Él le proporcionaba la espina y la vara para hacer penitencia. Ellos primero llegaron a Atlauimolco, luego llegaron a Quetzaltepec. (Quauhtinchan, s. XVI)
Historia Tolteca-Chichimeca, eds. Paul Kirchhoff, Lina Odena Güemes, y Luis Reyes García (México: CISINAH, INAH-SEP, 1976), 135.

"[E]n la jerarquía sacerdotal prehispánica los tlamacazqui ocupan un lugar especial; estos grados son: a) tlamacazton; b) tlamacazque; c) tlenamacac; d) quequezalcoa." Citando a Sahagún 1956, vol. I, 308. (Quauhtinchan, s. XVI)
Historia Tolteca-Chichimeca, eds. Paul Kirchhoff, Lina Odena Güemes, y Luis Reyes García (México: CISINAH, INAH-SEP, 1976), 135, nota 11.

Couenan tlamacazqui yn tlachiaco yn tlamaceuaco yn tlachihualtepetl ycatcan = El tlamacazqui Couenan vino a hacer penitencia, vino a ver a Tlachihualtepetl ycatcan [en Cholullan, Cholula; y en una versión de 1937, la traducción dice que "El sacerdote Couenan tuvo una visión" de la pirámide] (Quauhtinchan, s. XVI)
Historia Tolteca-Chichimeca, eds. Paul Kirchhoff, Lina Odena Güemes, y Luis Reyes García (México: CISINAH, INAH-SEP, 1976), 143.