tonatiuh.

Headword: 
tonatiuh.
Principal English Translation: 

the sun; a day (see Molina, Karttunen, and Lockhart)

IPAspelling: 
toːnɑtiw
Alonso de Molina: 

tonatiuh. el sol.
Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 149v. col. 1. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription.

Frances Karttunen: 

TŌNATIUH sun / el sol (M) See TŌNA.
Frances Karttunen, An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992), 246.

Lockhart’s Nahuatl as Written: 

the sun; an irregular absolutiveless noun derived from tōna and -tiuh, yauh as auxiliary, thus it originally meant (one who) goes along shining.
James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 240.

Attestations from sources in English: 

in huel tehuatzin tiquinmochichihuili tiquinmoqualnextili. yn ilhuicame. yn inca in cicitlaltin yn ica in tonatiuh. yn ica yn metztli = You Yourself Who adorned and embellished the heavens with the stars, the sun, and the moon (central Mexico, early seventeenth century)
Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 2, 140–141.

çan iciuhca ommaquetztiteca niman ic conelteq' concuilia in iyollo coniauilia in tonatiuh ompa ualq'ça = Forthwith was he stretched out upon his back, and then they gashed open his breast, seized his heart, and raised it in dedication there [toward] where the sun came forth. (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 8 -- Kings and Lords, no. 14, Part IX, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1951), 84.

tonatiuh itlatocahoan mjtoaia, qujiacana in qujujca iauc, iacattiuj in ixqujchtin tlamacazque, in teupixque, qujnmama in jntevoan cemjhuhtl qujmjtztiuj, in ixqujchtin tiacahoan, in tequjoaque = The lords of the sun, it was said, took charge and directed in war. All the priests, the keepers of the gods, took the lead; they bore their gods upon their backs, and, by the space of one day, marched ahead of all the brave warriors and seasoned warriors (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 8 -- Kings and Lords, no. 14, Part IX, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1951), 52.

quetzaltonatiuh, coztic teucujtlatl in tonatiuh ijtic mantiuh in quetzalli iaoaltic. = The quetzal feather sun [consisted of] a golden sun, and in the middle of it was a circle of quetzal feathers. (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 8 -- Kings and Lords, no. 14, Part IX, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1951), 35.

Tonatiuh, quauhtleoanitl, xippilli, teutl. = The sun: the soaring eagle, the turquoise prince, the god. (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 7 -- The Sun, Moon, and Stars, and the Binding of the Venus, No. 14, Part VIII, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 1.

conjoalia in tonatiuh xippilli, quatleuanjtl = they lifted them [the hearts of the captives] up to the sun, the turquoise prince, the soaring eagle [probably quatleuanjtl was meant to be quauhtleuanitl, say the translators]
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 7 -- The Sun, Moon, and Stars, and the Binding of the Years, Part 8, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1951), 47.

"...a house described as iquiçayampa tonatiuh itzticac, 'facing east (literally where the sun rises),' is on the west side of the patio, and one facing west (where the sun sets) (icalaquiyampa tonatiuh itzticac) is on the east."
Rebecca Horn and James Lockhart, "Mundane Documents in Nahuatl," in James Lockhart, Lisa Sousa, and Stephanie Wood, eds., Sources and Methods for the Study of Postconquest Mesoamerican Ethnohistory, Preliminary Version (e-book) (Eugene, Ore.: Wired Humanities Project, 2007, 2010), 3.

auh in onquizca ie vmmotzcaloa, ie vncalaqui in tonatiuh = When they had come out the sun was already off to one side, about to set (Mexico City, sixteenth century)
James Lockhart, We People Here: Nahuatl Accounts of the Conquest of Mexico, Repertorium Columbianum v. 1 (Los Angeles: UCLA Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 1993), 152.

YPan CenPuali Yhuan Ce tonatiu de otubre Yhua xitlaPuali de 1732 años = on the 21st day of October in the year count of 1732 (San Miguel Aticpac, Toluca Valley, 1732)
Caterina Pizzigoni, ed., Testaments of Toluca (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Center Publications, 2007), 79.

cenca papaqui. Etc. ca nel quimati ye ualquiçaz ye ualmomanaz in tonatiuh = they are very joyful, since they know that the sun is about to come forth, is about to spread itself forth (late sixteenth century, Central Mexico)
Louise M. Burkhart, Before Guadalupe: The Virgin Mary in Early Colonial Nahuatl Literature, Institute for Mesoamerican Studies Monograph 13 (Albany: University at Albany, 2001), 28.

motechtzinco oquiz, otlacat, iecnemiliztonatiuh, in quintlanestilia in tlaiouaian nemi = from your emerged, was born, the sun of proper living, who illuminates those who dwell in darkness (early seventeenth century, central Mexico)
Louise M. Burkhart, Before Guadalupe: The Virgin Mary in Early Colonial Nahuatl Literature, Institute for Mesoamerican Studies Monograph 13 (Albany: University at Albany, 2001), 68.

tonatiuhyo tilmahtli = the cape with the sun design; the cape with the blue-red sun design (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Justyna Olko, Turquoise Diadems and Staffs of Office: Elite Costume and Insignia of Power in Aztec and Early Colonial Mexico (Warsaw: Polish Society for Latin American Studies and Centre for Studies on the Classical Tradition, University of Warsaw, 2005), 206.

Tlanquiya tonatiuh. "The day is now done."
An idiezac posting on Twitter, June 2010.

vel qujneltocaia, ca in jxqujchtin in iaomjquja: vmpa viia in tonatiuh ichan = they really believed that all those who died in war went there to the house of the sun (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 11.

Auh in cioa: njman conpeoaltia, qujvica, qujtemovia in tonatiuh: quetzalapanecaiotica in qujvica, quetzalco in ietiuh, qujtlapechhvia = And the women then began; they carried, they brought down the sun. They carried it with a litter of quetzal feathers; it traveled in quetzal feathers; they provided it a support (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 163.

yn quenin huel quimonextiliz. ca yn ihquac. yc ye pehua. ye tlacoҫahuia. in ye mixtlapachoz. yca metztli tonatiuh. yn motenehua ye qualoz. yn ilhuicatl ca nohuiampa mixtli yc tzauhctimanca. acan huel hualnecia = for when the light began to fade and the surface of the sun to be covered by the moon, which is called being eaten, the sky was closed everywhere by clouds, [the sun] could appear nowhere (central Mexico, 1611)
Annals of His Time: Don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, James Lockhart, Susan Schroeder, and Doris Namala, eds. and transl. (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2006), 182–3.

nauhteylhuicapan in yatiuh tonatiuh. auh yn metztli. ca ye yc itech in yatiuh ynic centeylhuicapa. yn huel ye ytech yn quiyahuallohua tlalli = the sun goes in the four[th] heaven, and the moon goes in the first heaven that rotates all around the earth (central Mexico, 1611)
Annals of His Time: Don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, James Lockhart, Susan Schroeder, and Doris Namala, eds. and transl. (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2006), 182–3.

in ie iuhquj njman qujoaltoquilia, qujoaloncaiotia, oallaoncaiotia in quauhtli, çan no yuj in conjauhlia tonatiuh, yn ichimal, yn imacquauh = In the same manner there then followed him, coming second, the eagle[-costumed warrior], who similarly lifted up [as an offering] to the sun his shield and his war club. (16th century, Mexico City)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 2—The Ceremonies, No. 14, Part III, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1951), 49.

tlamacazquj conitqui, quappiaztli, ielpan contilquetza yn malli, yn vncan ocatca yiollo, conezçotia, vel eztitlan conpolatia: njman no ic conjaujlia in tonatiuh, mitoa, ic catlitia = a priest, carried the [hollow] eagle cane and set it in the breast of the captive, there where the heart had been; he stained it with blood. Thereupon he offered [the blood] to the sun. It was said: “Thus he giveth [the sun] to drink.” (16th century, Mexico City)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 2—The Ceremonies, No. 14, Part III, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1951), 52.

Attestations from sources in Spanish: 

Tonatiw iwan meetstli (El sol y la luna). "Unos hermanos se dan cuenta de que un venado es su padre. Matan al venado y a su madre. Hacen una fogata, se echan en la lumbre y se convierten en sol y luna." (Escuchado en San José Miahuatlán, Ver. Ramírez, 1950, 1–4; Barlow y Ramírez, 1962, 58–61.)
Fernando Horcasitas, "La narrativa oral náhuatl (1920–1975)," Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 13 (1978), 177–209, ver 184.

Kiseliah tonatih (Reciben al sol). "Al principio del mundo salió el sol por primera vez de boca de una culebra que estaba en una cueva. Los pájaros cantaron pero sólo le gustó al sol el canto de algunos. Hasta entonces la humanidad había vivido en la oscuridad." (Escuchado en Matlapa, Méx. S.L.P. Croft, 1957, 327.)
Fernando Horcasitas, "La narrativa oral náhuatl (1920–1975)," Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 13 (1978), 177–209, ver 182.

yquac qualoc tonatiuh ye teotlac yquac bisperas Sant Bernaue apostol = Entonces eclipsó el sol por la tarde, cuando eran las vísperas de San Bernabé apóstol. (Tlaxcala, 1662–1692)
Juan Buenaventura Zapata y Mendoza, Historia cronológica de la Noble Ciudad de Tlaxcala, transcripción paleográfica, traducción, presentación y notas por Luis Reyes García y Andrea Martínez Baracs (Tlaxcala y México: Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Secretaría de Extensión Universitaria y Difusión Cultural, y Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, 1995), 216–217.

oc no ze cali moquezti[uh] ycal ixpantzinco yn zenquizca ychpochtli tonatiuh yquizanyanpa yztica = otra casa enfrente de la iglesia de Nuestra Señora, que mira hacia donde se mete el sol (San Cristóbal Ecatepec, 1634)
Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos en náhuatl y castellano del siglo XVII, vol. 3, Teresa Rojas Rabiela, et al, eds. (México: CIESAS, 2002), 200–201.

auh ynin cali onicteneuh yztica yquizayanpa tonatiuh = y esta casa que digo mira para a donde sale el sol (San Cristóbal Ecatepec, 1634)
Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos en náhuatl y castellano del siglo XVII, vol. 3, Teresa Rojas Rabiela, et al, eds. (México: CIESAS, 2002), 200–201.

Tonatiuh quixnamicti manic etemanic ynin yn tetlaliayan yez yhuan yn ithualli yn cepan ithual mochihuaz = La que está enfrente del sol, que está en tres piezas, éstas juntas han de estar que el patio, que nunca se quite y siempre ha de estar ansí (Xochimilco, 1621)
Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos en náhuatl y castellano del siglo XVII, vol. 3, Teresa Rojas Rabiela, et al, eds. (México: CIESAS, 2002), 128–129.

nocal centetl tonatiuh yquizayanpa utzticac = una casa mia questa e tiene la puerta hacia do el sol sale (Ciudad de México, 1564)
Luis Reyes García, Eustaquio Celestino Solís, Armando Valencia Ríos, et al, Documentos nauas de la Ciudad de México del siglo XVI (México: Centro de Investigación y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social y Archivo General de la Nación, 1996), 111.

Ce tonatiuh quen naman zan tlen 2006 xihuitl México pehua chichiltic iixnezca pampa motlalanah tzoncotomeh Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional. = Un día como hoy pero del año 2006 en México comienza la alerta roja del Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional.
Victoriano Cruz de la Cruz, Nahuatlahtolli, 4 Junio 2013. Náhuatl moderno de la Huasteca del Este.