yohualli.

Headword:

yohualli.

Principal English Translation:

nighttime, each night, or all night, night after night (see Lockhart); also, "the night, the wind" was another way of referring to the deity of the near and far (see Sahagún); darkness, shadow

Orthographic Variants:

youalli, yoali, yoalli, yualli, yuualli

IPAspelling:

yowɑlli

Alonso de Molina:

youalli. noche.
Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 41v. col. 1. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription.

yoalli. noche.
Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 39v. col. 1. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription.

yualli. noche.
Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 44r. col. 2. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription.

Frances Karttunen:

YOHUAL-LI night / noche (M) See YOHUA.
Frances Karttunen, An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992), 340.

Lockhart’s Nahuatl as Written:

cecenhohual = all night, each night, or all night, night after night (17th. c., central Mexico)
James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 87.

patientive noun from yohua.
James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 242.

Attestations from sources in English:

See an image that represents yohualli in the Visual Lexicon of Aztec Hieroglyphs, ed. Stephanie Wood (Eugene, Ore.: Wired Humanities, 2020-present).

ceyohual cemihuitl quimitztinemizque yn cocoxque = all night and all day they will go about looking at the sick (central Mexico, 1552)
Fray Alonso de Molina, Nahua Confraternities in Early Colonial Mexico: The 1552 Nahuatl Ordinances of fray Alonso de Molina, OFM, ed. and trans., Barry D. Sell (Berkeley: Academy of American Franciscan History, 2002), 114–115.

in īc yohuallāhuānazqueh = in order that they will become inebriated in the night [i.e., they will fall asleep]. (Atenango, between Mexico City and Acapulco, 1629)
Hernando Ruiz de Alarcón, Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain, 1629, eds. and transl. J. Richard Andrews and Ross Hassig (Norman and London: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 80.

yovalnepantla = in the middle of the night (central Mexico, 1552)
Fray Alonso de Molina, Nahua Confraternities in Early Colonial Mexico: The 1552 Nahuatl Ordinances of fray Alonso de Molina, OFM, ed. and trans., Barry D. Sell (Berkeley: Academy of American Franciscan History, 2002), 128–129.

In oc iouia = When all was yet darkness (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
John F. Schwaller, "The Pre-Hispanic Poetics of Sahagún's Psalmodia christiana," in Psalms in the Early Modern World, eds. Linda Phyllis Austern, Kari Boyd McBride, and David L. Orvis (London: Ashgate, 2011), 320.

anca quen qujtlaҫaz, qujqujxtiz in iooalli in tlacatli, in cemjlvitl = the night, the day, the daytime will result, will take form (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 18.

totecujo, in tloque naoaque, in ioalli ehecatl = our lord of the near, of the nigh, the night, the wind (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 32.

Auh cujx tictlacaitta in tloque naoaque: in telpuchtli, in moiocoia, in titlacava in tezcatlipuca: ca iooalli, ca ehecatl = behold the lord of the near, of the nigh, the youth, Moyocoya, Titlacauan, Tezcatlipoca? For he is the night; he is the wind (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 33.

Questions arose as to whether mortals could look directly upon or speak with the lord deity of the near and the far, "ca ioalli, ca ehecatl" (for he is the night, for he is the wind). The editors of this translation believe that the reference was to Tezcatlipoca, "the protector of all." (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 1 -- The Gods; No. 14, Part 2, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1950), 9.

nelli tehoatzin tinetlaxonjuh, titlatlapitzal tonmuchioa in tloque, naoaque in totecujo in iooalli, in ehecatl = verily, thou art the seat, thou art the flute—thou hast become such for the lord of the near, of the nigh, our lord, the night, the wind (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 187.

anto oyoval = Antonio Oyohual (the glyph on page 74 seems to have two bells, oyohualli; but the glyph on page 148 includes a component for road, ohtli, and a component for yohualli, night) (Tepetlaoztoc, sixteenth century)
Barbara J. Williams and H. R. Harvey, The Códice de Santa María Asunción: Facsimile and Commentary: Households and Lands in Sixteenth-Century Tepetlaoztoc (Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1997), 74–75, 148–149.

anto oyoval (here, in a third variant, the glyph next to the gloss for the name shows a symbol for night, yohualli, and a road, ohtli; but just to make sure the name is clear, it also shows two leg bells hanging down below the road, oyohualli) (Tepetlaoztoc, sixteenth century)
Barbara J. Williams and H. R. Harvey, The Códice de Santa María Asunción: Facsimile and Commentary: Households and Lands in Sixteenth-Century Tepetlaoztoc (Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1997), 106–107.

Attestations from sources in Spanish:

ma tto dios amitamotlacopielis amitzmotlacochicauislis mochipa tonalis yoali = Que nuestro Señor Dios os guarde siempre en su amor y os fortalezca todo el día y toda la noche (seventeenth-century Guatemala)
Fernando Horcasitas y Alfred Lemmon, "El Tratado de Santa Eulalia: un manuscrito musical náhuatl," Tlalocan 12 (1997), 110–111.

yoalli, yualli = noche
Rémi Siméon, Diccionario de la lengua náhuatl o mexicana (Mexico: Siglo XXI, 1996), xxxiv.

IDIEZ morfema:

yohualli.

IDIEZ traduc. inglés:

1. night. 2. root of YOHUALTIC, TZONYOHUALLI and other words. s.t. round.

IDIEZ def. náhuatl:

Nouhquiya YAHUALLI. 1. Tlahco tlen ce tonatiuh tlen tzimpehua quemman huetzi tonatiuh huan tzontlami quemman tlaneci. “Pan ni yohualli monequi tictlamizceh totequiuh pampa moztla techtlahtlaniliah. ” 2. ĀYOHUALLI, YOHUALTIC, TZONYOHUALLI huan cequinoc tlahtolli iyollo. Ce tlatzquintli tlen huahcauhquiya toahuimeh quiololoayayah yahualtic tlen ica quiicpohuiyayah ce comitl [Mc. 31v].

IDIEZ morfología:

yohua (tlachiuhtli).

IDIEZ gramática:

tlat.

themes:

Time, Calendar, Frequency

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