market, place of commerce (see Lockhart); also plaza, central square (which is where most markets were held, of course); note the two images we reproduce, where a central water source is featured and no vendors are seen (these places are both glossed tianquiztli)
in aҫo motitianquiz in ahoácan tepehoácan = they might frequent the market places in one town or another (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
"Every neighborhood has an open space where, every five days (or more frequently), markets are held, called tianguis . . . Tlatelolco is the largest, with a capacity of nearly 60,000 people, and then that of Tenochtitlán." (Central Mexico, 1571–1615)
mito hua ocatcayaia cehue ti an qui ztli .ycanpa omo nemacaya miec ne papan: cualoni, xochit, chalchi huitl = Mihtoa o:catcayaia ce: Hue:i tianquiztli in campa o:monemacaya miec nepa:pan cualoni. xo:chitl chalchihuitl. = It is said that it had been a great market, where many different carnivorous animals, flowers, and precious stones were exchanged.
ic mononotzque in ipanpa aº vellanamaco tianquizco = they consulted about things being wrongly sold in the market (Tlaxcala, 1547)
The indigenous marketplace was typically in the open air. In Puebla in 1680 a great effort was made to clean the market, moving the vendors and twice ordering the people to scrape away the dirt with plows (arados, in Spanish). (SW)
Marketplace was often rendered in Spanish accounts as tianguis.
Also seen in Mexican Spanish as tianguiz or tianguez. (SW)
cempoal tianquiztli = markets that come every twenty days
chicunauh tianquiztli = markets that come every nine days
(see Molina)
Oquixtlauhque tomin ynic Ocalaque yn tianquisco = paid money to enter the marketplace
In the Florentine Codex we see a discussion of the "real woman" (nel cioatl), and it refers to her role in the marketplace (tianquiztli), among other things.
1613 Años. yhcuac moman tiyanquiztli yn totlaҫonantzin Visitacion yhuan mihtohua nuestra Señora de la biedad huehuetlã = 1613, was when a market was set up at our precious mother of Visitación, also called Nuestra Señora de la Piedad, in Huehuetlan (central Mexico, 1613)
yn tlamimiloli ohuetzi ytech yn tepetetotli coyotianguiztli = the ridge until reaching the little hill called Coyotianguiztli [translated by Rosado as "mercado de las zorras"] (Tepetlaoztoc, sixteenth century)
Ihuan ma ticmocuitlahui ma itech timoma[ni] in tianquiztli ihuan in apan; in opan ma timoquetz, ma timotlalli in oncan ca, oncan nemi ihuey iteiya, ihuay itecuaya, in tlacatecolotl; yehuatl in tecihuauh, yehuatl in tetlacauh, in teaxca, in tetlatqui = Cuídate de permanecer cerca del mercado y en el lugar del agua; en el lugar del camino no te pares, no te coloques porque allá está, allá vive en su gran lugar de beber a la gente, en su gran lugar de comer a la gente, el diablo, la mujer ajena, el "esclavo", la propiedad de la gente, los bienes de la gente (centro de México, s. XVI)
i ceh semana oc no yetecpantli y vallazque y macevaltin motetlaquevaltiquivi uncan tiyanquizco ycuac domingo ocachi vecapan tonatiuhtzin = cada semana también sesenta macehuales vendrán a ofrecer sus servicios de asalariados ahí en el mercado, en domingo, cuando el sol está un poco alto (Cuauhtinchan, Puebla, s. XVI)
tlama yn otli tianquiçotli = el lindero es el lindero que va a la plaza (Tlaxcala, 1641)
dianguiztenco = en la orilla de la plaza (Amecameca, 1625)
tianquiztl hualtemoc Tozcoc momanaco = se bajó la plaza de Tlaxcala a Tozcoc (Tlaxcala, 1662–1692)
yc ontlaxtlaoaz macuilli pesos ypan tianquizco tlayaoalochtiloz = so pena de cinco pesos y de ser azotado por el tianguez (Ciudad de México, 1585)
çentetipan canlli. ynoncantianquizcallj. oncancatca andres martin Español mochipa çemihcac ytechpouhtaz. yn doña xpĩna = una casa, una puesta de tianguis que era propiedad de doña Cristina. (Tetzcoco, s/f)
icuac opeuh tecpancalli yhuan telpilcali San Joán, yhuan tianquistli motlalli = Entonces se comenzaron el tecpan y la cárcel de San Juan, y se puso el mercado (Mexico City, c. 1572)