tlaolli.

Headword: 
tlaolli.
Principal English Translation: 

dried maize or corn kernels; Molina describes tlaolli as maize kernels that have been removed from the cob, cured, and dried; when tlaolli was combined with the modifier castillan, wheat could be meant (see attestations in Spanish translation for an example)

Orthographic Variants: 
tlayolli, tlaulli, tleyolli, tlaoli
IPAspelling: 
tɬɑoːlli
Alonso de Molina: 

tlaolli. mayz desgranado, curado y seco. Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 130r. col. 1. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription. tlayolli. mayz desgranado. Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 122r. col. 1. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription. tlaulli. mayz seco, desgranado. Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 145r. col. 2. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription. yauh tlaulli. mayz moreno o negro. Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 31v. col. 2. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription. eimetztica mochiua tlaulli. mayz tremesino. Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 28r. col. 2. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription.

Frances Karttunen: 

TLAŌL-LI dried kernels of maize / maíz desgranado, curado, y seco (M) See ŌY(A). Frances Karttunen, An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992), 287.

Lockhart’s Nahuatl as Written: 

maize in dried kernels, shelled maize. from ōya, to shell. James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 237.

Attestations from sources in English: 

auh anquitlaolpoazque, in çeçemilhuitl tlatlacolli = counting the sins of each day with dried kernels of maize Bartolomé de Alva, A Guide to Confession Large and Small in the Mexican Language, 1634, eds. Barry D. Sell and John Frederick Schwaller, with Lu Ann Homza (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999), 107. yhuā in yehuatl franco xallacatl ca in tlaulli ca omoch quitamachiuato oquipouato yhuā yn ixquich metl ca omoch quipohuato yhuan oquicuiloto = And Francisco Xallacatl measured and counted all the shelled corn and counted all the maguey plants and wrote it down. (central Mexico, early seventeenth century) Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 2, 218–219. hatlei y nemapupoloni atlei totoli atlei totoltetl cacavatl y tlaoli atlei = No hand towels, no turkeys, no turkey eggs, cacao or shelled maize (Cuernavaca region, ca. 1540s) The Book of Tributes: Early Sixteenth-Century Nahuatl Censuses from Morelos, ed. and transl. S. L. Cline, (Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center Publications, 1993), 122–123. oquihualhuîcaque tlaollí Ychcatl Yhuá mochí ynoccequí achotl = they carried dried maize kernels, cotton, and all other seeds Anónimo mexicano, ed. Richley H. Crapo and Bonnie Glass-Coffin (Logan, UT: Utah State University Press, 2005), 7. centzontli tlaolli çan tanatica motomachi = four hundred measures of shelled maize, just measured with a small woven palm basket James Lockhart, We People Here: Nahuatl Accounts of the Conquest of Mexico, Repertorium Columbianum v. 1 (Los Angeles: UCLA Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 1993), 282–283. yauh tlaulli = brown or black maize Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 31v. col. 2. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription. yztac tlaolli = white maize (Tulancingo, 1587) James Lockhart collection, notes in a folder called "Land and Economy," citing the Tulancingo Collection, Folder 6, Special Collections, UCLA Research Library. "tlaolli . . . which our countrymen call Indian wheat, and the Haitians call maize. They are mostly found with white kernels, but they also come in yellow, black, purple, pink, blue or multicolored . . . It is planted in March, with four or five seeds sown in holes one pace apart, and it is turned back into the earth in November, December and January, when the ground is worked again." (Central Mexico, 1571–1615) The Mexican Treasury: The Writings of Dr. Francisco Hernández, ed. Simon Varey, transl. Rafael Chabrán, Cynthia L. Chamberlin, and Simon Varey (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2000), 111. oncan yc ye mochinantia oncan quitocaque yn tlaolli y huauhtli. yn etl. yn ayotli. yn chilchotl. yn xitomatl. = There they made reed fences for themselves; there they planted corn, amaranth, beans, squash, green chilis, and tomatoes. (central Mexico, early seventeenth century) Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 1, 84–85. patlahuac tlaolli = maíz ancho = a type of maize (Huejotla, 1634) James Lockhart collection, notes in a folder called "Land and Economy," citing Nahuatl in the Middle Years, pp. 106–107. tlaoltequitl ome aneca yoan yei tomin = The maize tribute was 2 fanegas and 3 tomines (Tehuacan, 1642–44) Beyond the Codices, eds. Arthur J.O. Anderson, Frances Berdan, and James Lockhart (Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center, 1976), Doc. 24, 136–137. calaqui tlaoli tuctli hume almo Yhua Yei Cuartilio Yhuan tlacCu Cuartilio = where 2 almudes and 3 ½ cuartillos of maize seed fit (Santa María de la Asunción, Toluca Valley, 1783) Caterina Pizzigoni, ed., Testaments of Toluca (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Center Publications, 2007), 187. gaspar tlallotlac tequitlato quauhtamalli auh amo ypā tlatohua tlayoltemalli ximilli = Gaspar Tlayllotlac, tequitlato of Quauhtamalla [Guatemala]. He did not take care of the tlayoltemalli and ximilli there. (Tepoztlan, n.d.) Robert Haskett and Stephanie Wood, translation of an unpublished manuscript, Archivo General de la Nación, México, Hospital de Jesús, Leg. 210, exp. 71.]In iztac tlaolli, in coztic tlaolli, in xiuhtoctli, yiaujtl, yiauhnenel, iauhcacalquj, tlaolpatlachtli, in totolontic, in tlaolpicilli, tlaolpitzoaoc: in xochicintli, ynjn iuhqujn ezoaoanquj, ezcujcujltic: … njman iee in quappachcintli: iuhqujn quappachtli, itlachieliz, momochicintli, in molqujtl, cinmaitl, cintzatzapalli: yoan in xilotl, in cacamatl, in elotl = white maize; yellow maize; green maize shoots; black maize; black and brown mixed, and variously hued; large and wide; round and ball-like; slender maize; thin, long maize; speckled red and white maize, which hath blood-red lines and is [as if] painted with blood, … then the coarse, brown maize, which is as if tawny in appearance; popcorn; then after-fruit; double ears; rough ears; and maturing green maize, the small ears of maize beside the main ear; the ripened green maize. (16th century, Mexico City)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 2—The Ceremonies, No. 14, Part III, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1951), 62.

Attestations from sources in Spanish: 

auh anquitlaolpoazque, in çeçemilhuitl tlatlacolli = contando con maizes vn dia con otro Bartolomé de Alva, A Guide to Confession Large and Small in the Mexican Language, 1634, eds. Barry D. Sell and John Frederick Schwaller, with Lu Ann Homza (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999), 106–107. auh yn ipn xihuitl amo quali mochiuh mayanaloc yn ipatiuh tlaoli mochiuh çe cohuacli pesos 6 tomines = Este año no fue bueno, hubo hambre. El precio de una media hanega de maíz fue de un peso y seis tomines. (Tlaxcala, 1662–1692) Juan Buenaventura Zapata y Mendoza, Historia cronológica de la Noble Ciudad de Tlaxcala, transcripción paleográfica, traducción, presentación y notas por Luis Reyes García y Andrea Martínez Baracs (Tlaxcala y México: Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Secretaría de Extensión Universitaria y Difusión Cultural, y Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, 1995), 272–273. miec tlaolli = mucho mayz Pedro de Arenas, Vocabulario Manual de las Lenguas Castellana, y Mexicana (Mexico: Henrico Martínez, 1611), 9. xx tacat quitequi castilan taoli çeçe semana yhuan/tacat quichiua serviçio ychan epañoles = Veinte hombres cortan trigo cada semana y uno sirve en las fincas de españoles. Nuestro pesar, nuestra aflicción / tunetuliniliz, tucucuca; Memorias en lengua náhuatl enviadas a Felipe II por indígenas del Valle de Guatemala hacia 1572, introduction by Cristopher H. Lutz, paleography and translation by Karen Dakin (México: UNAM and Centro de Investigaciones Regionales de Mesoamérica, 1996, 50–51. Yvan noyan milpan çan tapic tequiti ytic castillan taoli ytic ychan españoles çan ipampa ymilpan nemi quimaca y yçacatl caballo çatepan çepa quitotoca ytic ytal vel quintolinia = En todo el campo [los macehuales] sólo trabajan el trigo en las fincas de los españoles, nada más porque viven en sus tierras. Entregan rastrojo [a los españoles]. Sólo después siembran sus proprios terrenos. Se afligen mucho. Nuestro pesar, nuestra aflicción / tunetuliniliz, tucucuca; Memorias en lengua náhuatl enviadas a Felipe II por indígenas del Valle de Guatemala hacia 1572, introduction by Cristopher H. Lutz, paleography and translation by Karen Dakin (México: UNAM and Centro de Investigaciones Regionales de Mesoamérica, 1996, 18-19. tlaolli, tlayolli, tlaulli, y centli o cintli = maíz seco en mazorcas Alfonso de Rosenzweig-Díaz, Mexicanidad de México, vol. 2, 1957, 98. nahui anegas yhuan tlacoton motoca patlahuac tlaoli = de sembradura quatro fanegas, y una quartilla, que se siembra de maiz ancho (Amecameca, 1726) De la colección de James Lockhart, notas en una carpeta sobre tierras y economía, citando AGN Tierras 2554, exp. 2. centzontli tlaolli zan tanatica motomachi = cuatrocientas fanegas de maíz que se midieron por medio de tanatli = part of the tributes owed by Quauhtinchan to the encomendero in 1523 (Quauhtinchan, sixteenth century). Lockhart made a marginal note in his copy of this book that this reference to tributes in gold was reminiscent of the famous letter of Huexotzinco. Historia Tolteca-Chichimeca, eds. Paul Kirchhoff, Lina Odena Güemes, y Luis Reyes García (México: CISINAH, INAH-SEP, 1976), 230.auh ynoticpixCaque patlahuac tlaoli onpohualli yhuan ome fanegas, 42 fanegas = Cosechamos 42 fanegas de maiz ancho. (San Andrés Chiautla, 1638)
Benjamin Daniel Johnson, “Transcripción de los documentos Nahuas de Tezcoco en los Papeles de la Embajada Americana resguardados en el Archivo Histórico de la Biblioteca Nacional de Antropología e Historia de México”, en Documentos nahuas de Tezcoco, Vol. 1, ed. Javier Eduardo Ramírez López (Texcoco: Diócesis de Texcoco, 2018), 170–171.