Cinteotl.

Headword: 
Cinteotl.
Principal English Translation: 

a name, associated with the Ear-of-maize god; in the Treatise, we see it used as "the only god," showing a misunderstanding of the "cen" element, originally from centli, dried ear of maize, believing it to be "cen" or "one." (Atenango, between Mexico City and Acapulco, 1629)
Hernando Ruiz de Alarcón, Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain, 1629, eds. and transl. J. Richard Andrews and Ross Hassig (Norman and London: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 221.

Orthographic Variants: 
Centeōtl, Centeotl
Attestations from sources in English: 

The priest in charge of Centeotl was required to administer the herb yauhtli during the festival of Xilonen.
Bernardo Ortiz de Montellano, "Las hierbas de Tláloc," Estudios de cultura náhuatl 14 (1980), 287–314, see p. 292.

Cinteotl was closely associated with Xochipilli, according to H. B. Nicholson. That water and maize deities were close associates is not surprising given that theirs was an agricultural society.
Bernardo Ortiz de Montellano, "Las hierbas de Tláloc," Estudios de cultura náhuatl 14 (1980), 287–314, see pp. 292–293.

Centeopan was a temple associated with Centeotl (or Cinteotl) and with Chicomecoatl (Chicome coatl). (sixteenth century, central Mexico)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 2 -- The Ceremonies, No. 14, Part III, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1951), 60.

The dried maize that young girls carried on their backs was called Cinteotl. The maize apparently became a representation of the goddess.
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 2 -- The Ceremonies, No. 14, Part III, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1951), 60.

njman ic vmpeoa, yn jnmjlpan, cinteuanazque, yn izqujcan manj inmil, yn itech, yn ipan cecentetl milli, cecen cantiuj in toctli = Then they departed to their fields, to get the maize god[dess]. In as many places as lay fields, from each field they got a stalk of green maize. (16th century, Mexico City)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 2—The Ceremonies, No. 14, Part III, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1951), 60.

auh cem ixtli qujtequj acatl vncan qujtemjtia, qujtentiquetza, yn izqujtlamantli, ixpan onoc cinteutl: tepitoton, tepizcantoton, achipipil, noujiampa qujcuj, qujmamaltia in cujatl… Auh yn iquac y, moteneoa calonooac, cali onooac: iehica ca çan calli çan techachan in mauiztilioia cicinteu = And they cut a section of maize stalk and filled it and crammed it with everything laid out before Cinteotl. They took a very little from every [basket] and let the frog carry it on its back… And when this was done, it was called calonooac, “it resteth in all the houses”; because only in houses, only in the homes, were honors paid to the maize, god[desses]. (16th century, Mexico City)
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 2—The Ceremonies, No. 14, Part III, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1951), 60.

Attestations from sources in Spanish: 

ei felxona çan ce Dios ça centeotl = tres personas distintas y un solo Dios verdadero
Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos indígenas novohispanos, vol. 1, Testamentos en castellano del siglo XVI y en náhuatl y castellano de Ocotelulco de los siglos XVI y XVII, eds. Teresa Rojas Rabiela, Elsa Leticia Rea López, y Constantino Medina Lima (Santa Bárbara, Tamasolco, Tlaxcala, 1598), 302–303.

ei persona ça ce huel neli yn Dios ça centeotl = tres personas distintas y un solo Dios verdadero
Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos indígenas novohispanos, vol. 1, Testamentos en castellano del siglo XVI y en náhuatl y castellano de Ocotelulco de los siglos XVI y XVII, eds. Teresa Rojas Rabiela, Elsa Leticia Rea López, y Constantino Medina Lima (Mexico: CIESAS, 1999), 218–219.

Cinteotl. El Dueño del Maíz. "Sindiopi, el dueño del maíz, quiso enseñarle al Rayo a sembrar maíz pero todo se daba mal. Luego el Rayo le robó el maíz-hembra y ése sí se dio bien."
(Escuchado en Zaragoza, cerca de Minatitlán, Ver. García de León, 1968, 351–352.)
Fernando Horcasitas, "La narrativa oral náhuatl (1920–1975)," Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 13 (1978), 177–209, ver 182.

themes: 
Corn, Maize
Names (for people, deities)
Religion (Indigenous)