The root is ground with ground flowers (tetzmixochitl, tlacoizquixochitl, yolloxochitl, eloxochitl, ocoxochitl, plus red earth, white earth, and eztetl, all mixed with water and taken as a beverage. On the exterior of the stomach, one would also apply a stone found in the river that appeared to have large pearls in it.
Martín de la Cruz, Libellus de medicinalibus indorum herbis; manuscrito azteca de 1552; segun traducción latina de Juan Badiano; versión española con estudios comentarios por diversos autores (Mexico: Fondo de Cultural Económica; Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 1991), 51 [34 v.].
Also called mamaxtlaquilitl and resembling the acuitlacpalli, this medicinal herb is pictured and glossed in the Florentine Codex Book 11, folio 134r. and described in the text on folio 135v.
Sahagún, Bernardino de, Antonio Valeriano, Alonso Vegerano, Martín Jacobita, Pedro de San Buenaventura, Diego de Grado, Bonifacio Maximiliano, Mateo Severino, et al. Historia general de las cosas de Nueva España (Florentine Codex), Ms. Mediceo Palatino 218–20, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Florence, MiBACT, 1577. Available at Digital Florentine Codex/Códice Florentino Digital, edited by Kim N. Richter, Alicia Maria Houtrouw, Kevin Terraciano, Jeanette Peterson, Diana Magaloni, and Lisa Sousa, bk. 11, fol. 134r. Los Angeles: Getty Research Institute, 2023. https://florentinecodex.getty.edu/en/book/11/folio/134r . Accessed 18 November 2025.