⚠ Site currently under repair ⚠

Search Issues: Update 2026-08-06

Some of our more complex, multi-field searches (such as the search field on our homepage and Search All Fields) are currently under repair and may not work as expected.

Thank you to all our users who emailed to alert us to the problem! We hope to have it repaired soon.

Meanwhile, elements of the Advanced Search are working and the Alphabetical Listings are working, too.

-ca.

Headword: 
-ca.
Principal English Translation: 

implies repeated action
"e.g., toponi = to explode; topoca = to explode over and over again"

Rebecca Horn's notes from Nahuatl study sessions with James Lockhart in the late 1970s and early 1980s.