alcalde.

(a loanword from Spanish)

Headword: 
alcalde.
Principal English Translation: 

a first-instance judge attached to a local municipal government; this was a term used for both indigenous and Spanish officials
Caterina Pizzigoni, Testaments of Toluca (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2007), 248.

Orthographic Variants: 
algalde, alcalte
Lockhart’s Nahuatl as Written: 

alcāldeh = alcalde, first instance judge on a municipal council. sometimes in the set phrase alcādeh ordinārioh, to distinguish this officer from an alcalde mayor. Sp.
James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 210.

Attestations from sources in English: 

niGouernador, Nalcalde = I [am a] governor, I [am an] alcalde (central Mexico, 1634)
Bartolomé de Alva, A Guide to Confession Large and Small in the Mexican Language, 1634, eds. Barry D. Sell and John Frederick Schwaller, with Lu Ann Homza (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999), 23.

The orthorgraphic variant alcalte is attested in a colonial (seventeenth-century?) Guatemalan music manuscript
Fernando Horcasitas y Alfred Lemmon, "El Tratado de Santa Eulalia: un manuscrito musical náhuatl," Tlalocan 12 (1997), 84–85.

alcalde (loan from Spanish): municipal judge, also a member of the cabildo; Tlaxcala had four rather than the usual two.
The Tlaxcalan Actas: A Compendium of the Records of the Cabildo of Tlaxcala (1545–1627), eds. James Lockhart, Frances Berdan, and Arthur J.O. Anderson (Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1986), 153.

alldes = an abbreviation for alcaldes; can refer to one or more judges or town council officers.
Alcaldes sometimes means 1st alcalde (because the s is taken to be an ordinate number by Nahuatl speakers).

In nican cabildo mocentlanlique in gouor alldes regidores yn ievatzin mgco señor diego rramirez corror por su mgt yn nican prouia tlaxcallan = there assembled here in council the governor, alcaledes and councilmen. The magnificent sir Diego Ramírez, coregidor for His Magesty here in the province of Tlaxcala (Tlaxcala, 1547)
Beyond the Codices, eds. Arthur J.O. Anderson, Frances Berdan, and James Lockhart (Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center, 1976), Doc. 22, 118–119.

Tehuatin in titecuhtlatoque ioan talgaldesme in ticpia inn altepetl = We the lord rulers and alcaldes who guard the town (Coyoacan, circa 1550)
Beyond the Codices, eds. Arthur J.O. Anderson, Frances Berdan, and James Lockhart (Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center, 1976), Doc. 26:6, 162–163.

juo ueytecuhctli alcalde chane tequemecan = Juan Hueytecuhtli, alcalde, citizen of Tequemecan (Coyoacan, 1554)
Beyond the Codices, eds. Arthur J.O. Anderson, Frances Berdan, and James Lockhart (Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center, 1976), Doc. 9, 86–87.

Dn Juan Mendes Alde (sic) rodinario (sic) ... Dn antto Bernaber alcalde pasado (Centlalpan, Chalco, 1736)
Frances Karttunen and James Lockhart, Nahuatl in the Middle Years: Language Contact Phenomena in Texts of the Colonial Period, Linguistics 85 (Los Angeles, University of California Publications, 1976), Doc. 10, 119.

quitoa. Oniuia in Caxtillan, anozo Quauhtemallan, anozo quitoa: Nalcalde onicatca: zan ye amo nelli, zan quiztlacati: ic ommitoa. Quin in nicoyotl: ma ica niquitta = he says: "I went to Castile," or, "I went to Guatemala." Or, he says: "I was mayor." But this is not true, he is just lying. For this reason, they say: When I am a coyote, I shall see.
Thelma D. Sullivan, "Nahuatl Proverbs, Conundrums, and Metaphors, Collected by Sahagún," Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 4 (1963), 120–121.

alcaldes ye anmochihua yn axcan achtopa cenca ypan xitlatoca yn doctrina xpiana = You alcaldes who are being appointed now for the first time, greatly see to the Christian doctrine (Codex Osuna, 1565)
James Lockhart, The Nahuas after the Conquest (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1992), 342.

ma ica njqujtta in castillan ovia, anoço Quauhtemallan, anoco ica Alcalde ocatca. =“Do I not see at some time that he went to Castile or to Guatemala, or that at some time he was an alcalde?” (Sahagún 1950–1982, VI: 232) [annals (AJB, AHT, AP, AT, ZM), bill of sale (LSD
2), cultural encyclopedia (FC 6), legal statement (CSE, IDX, IRI, LGC, TC 7, TC 45A, TC 61, TC 83, TJ), municipal council records (TA 18, TA 84, TA 93, TA 100, TA 103, TA 129, TA 130, TA 143, TA 145, TA 152, TA 168, TA 172, TA 174, TA 176, TA 178, TA 187, TA 189, TA 192, TA 206,TA 207); petition (ANV 1, ANV 2, ANV 4, ANV 5, ANV 7, ANV 8, ANV 9, ANV 10, ANV 12, ANV 13, ANV 14, ANV 15, ANV 16, ANV 17, CH, CNH, IMA, LJJ, M 2, M 3, M 4, M 5, M 6, M 7, M 8, M 9, M 10), religious play (Mer), will (TC 10, TC 19, TC 26, TC 30, TC 41, TC 45, TC 60, TMT, TT 19, TT 25, TT 26, TT 27, TT 47, TT 48, TT 50, TT 51, TT 52,TT 53, TT 54, TT 55, TT 56, TT 66, TT 70,TT 79, TT 87, TT 94, TT 95, TT 96, WCF); time range: 1543–1822]
Loans in Colonial and Modern Nahuatl, eds. Agnieszka Brylak, Julia Madajczak, Justyna Olko, and John Sullivan, Trends in Linguistics Documentation 35 (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2020), 71.

Attestations from sources in Spanish: 

Auh in intlaxtlavil ceceyaca alcaldesme matlatlac peso evatl in itzompan mocava tlacalaquilli = Y el pago para cada uno de los alcaldes será diez pesos de lo que sobra de los tributos (Cuauhtinchan, Puebla, s. XVI)
Luis Reyes García, "Ordenanzas para el gobierno de Cuauhtinchan, año de 1559," Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 10 (1972), 262–263.

yn alcalde oyezquia ytoca don Pedro de Sant Miguel chane Sant Simon Tlatlauhquitepec amo quinec oyaqui Mexico amo tequicui = iba a ser alcalde el llamado don Pedro de San Miguel, habitante de San Simón Tlatlauhquitepec, que no quiso ir a México, no tomó el cargo (Tlaxcala, 1662–1692)
Juan Buenaventura Zapata y Mendoza, Historia cronológica de la Noble Ciudad de Tlaxcala, transcripción paleográfica, traducción, presentación y notas por Luis Reyes García y Andrea Martínez Baracs (Tlaxcala y México: Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Secretaría de Extensión Universitaria y Difusión Cultural, y Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, 1995), 514–515.

alcaldesme ynican ciudad de Mexico Tenochtitlan nican tixpan = los alcaldes de aquí de la ciudad de México Tenochtitlan ante nosotros (Ciudad de Mexico, 1557)
Luis Reyes García, Eustaquio Celestino Solís, Armando Valencia Ríos, et al, Documentos nauas de la Ciudad de México del siglo XVI (México: Centro de Investigación y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social y Archivo General de la Nación, 1996), 172.

In Juez huel oc telpochtli ocatca, otepouh ipan quaresma. Zan nó ipan inin xihuitl oquihuicaquê Mexico in Judio, itoca Diego Alvarado Alcalde ordinario = El juez era muy mozo, hizo la cuenta en cuaresma. En el mismo año llevaron a México al Judío, llamado Diego Alvarado, alcalde ordinario (Puebla, 1797)
Anales del Barrio de San Juan del Río; Crónica indígena de la ciudad de Puebla, xiglo XVII, eds. Lidia E. Gómez García, Celia Salazar Exaire, y María Elena Stefanón López (Puebla: Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, BUAP, 2000), 104.

in tequiuh in alcaldesme = las obligaciones de los alcaldes (Cuauhtinchan, Puebla, s. XVI)
Luis Reyes García, "Ordenanzas para el gobierno de Cuauhtinchan, año de 1559," Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 10 (1972), 252–253.

ipan año de 1549 yancuican omotlallique alcaldes; ycuauc yancuican opeuh tlacalaquilli quinpillosquia alcaldes amo quinequia tlacalaquisquia maçehualtin = En el año 1549 se pusieron alcaldes por primera vez; entonces comenzó el tributo, e iban a ahorcar a los alcaldes que se oponían a que los macehuales pagaran tributo. (Mexico City, c. 1572)
Ana Rita Valero de García Lascuráin and Rafael Tena, Códice Cozcatzin (México: Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 1994), 98-99.