cuachpanitl = the standard -- referring to a royal standard, banner, flag, which had the coat of arms of León and Castilla (central Mexico, sixteenth century, no later than the 1570s) (translation by James Lockhart)
Sahagún, Bernardino de, Antonio Valeriano, Alonso Vegerano, Martín Jacobita, Pedro de San Buenaventura, Diego de Grado, Bonifacio Maximiliano, Mateo Severino, et al. Historia general de las cosas de Nueva España (Florentine Codex), Ms. Mediceo Palatino 218–20, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Florence, MiBACT, 1577. Available at Digital Florentine Codex/Códice Florentino Digital, edited by Kim N. Richter, Alicia Maria Houtrouw, Kevin Terraciano, Jeanette Peterson, Diana Magaloni, and Lisa Sousa, bk. 12, fol. 22r. Los Angeles: Getty Research Institute, 2023. https://florentinecodex.getty.edu/en/book/12/folio/22r . Accessed 15 February 2026.