icuiloa.

Headword:

icuiloa.

Principal English Translation:

to paint or write; to register; to record; to sign something
James Lockhart, The Nahuas after the Conquest: A Social and Cultural History of the Indians of Central Mexico, Sixteenth Through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1992), 326.

Orthographic Variants:

ihcuiloā

IPAspelling:

ihkwiloɑː

Alonso de Molina:

ouica icuiloa. nitla. (pret. onitlaouicaicuilo.) cifrar.
Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 78r. col. 2. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription.

Frances Karttunen:

(I)HCUILOĀ vreft,vt for something to get written; to write or paint something, to sing or inscribe someone’s name / se escribe (T), inscribir a alguien, escribir su nombre … escribir, pintar una cosa (T) In Z the initial i does not drop before the reflexive prefix. M has this as cuiloa ‘to write or paint something’, the initial syllable being lost to the orthography, because the weak initial vowel drops after the object prefix TLA- and the glottal stop is not written. (I)HCUILŌLŌ nonact. (I)HCUILOĀ
Frances Karttunen, An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992), 97.

Lockhart’s Nahuatl as Written:

Class 3: ōniquihcuiloh.
James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 219.

Attestations from sources in English:

See an image that represents icuiloa in the Visual Lexicon of Aztec Hieroglyphs, ed. Stephanie Wood (Eugene, Ore.: Wired Humanities, 2020-present).

yhuā in yehuatl franco xallacatl ca in tlaulli ca omoch quitamachiuato oquipouato yhuā yn ixquich metl ca omoch quipohuato yhuan oquicuiloto = And Francisco Xallacatl measured and counted all the shelled corn and counted all the maguey plants and wrote it down. (central Mexico, early seventeenth century)
Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 2, 218–219.

ycuiliuhtoc yn itlahtollo in Mexica. yn huehuetque = here lies written, the history of the ancient Mexica (central Mexico, early seventeenth century)
Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 1, 68–69.

icuiliuhto = is inscribed (From icuiloa = to write; usually seen as tlacuiloa.) Tlacuilo is the agentive of "icuiloa," the person who paints or writes. The amatlacuilo was the person who wrote or painted on paper.
James Lockhart, The Nahuas after the Conquest: A Social and Cultural History of the Indians of Central Mexico, Sixteenth Through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1992), 326.

Attestations from sources in Spanish:

ynic micuilosque çeçe tlacatl nanahui tomi amo quiçelique mochitin tlanaquilique 3 tomi quixtlahuazque ynic mochitin çeçe santo ynic çenoyan = para que se inscribieran, cada persona [daría] cuatro tomines. No lo aceptaron, todos respondieron que pagarían 3 tomines, todos de cada una de las ermitas de todas partes. (Tlaxcala, 1662–1692)
Juan Buenaventura Zapata y Mendoza, Historia cronológica de la Noble Ciudad de Tlaxcala, transcripción paleográfica, traducción, presentación y notas por Luis Reyes García y Andrea Martínez Baracs (Tlaxcala y México: Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Secretaría de Extensión Universitaria y Difusión Cultural, y Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, 1995), 574–575.

omicuilo in amatl = se otorgó esta donación (Mimíahuapan, Tlaxcala, 1579)
Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos indígenas novohispanos, vol. 2, Testamentos en náhuatl y castellano del siglo XVI, eds., Teresa Rojas Rabiela, Elsa Leticia Rea López, Constantino Medina Lima (Mexico: Consejo Nacional de Ciencias Tecnología, 1999), 216–217.

icuiloa. p. oicuilo: nite- inscribir a alguien, escribir su nombre. Nitla- escribir, pintar una cosa. Rev. icuilhuia o icuilotzinoa.
Rémi Siméon, Diccionario de la lengua náhuatl o mexicana redactado según los documentos impresos y manuscritos más auténticos y precedido de una introducción (Mexico: Siglo Veintiuno, 1981, {1885}), 174.

yhuan emp[er]ador yarmas in micuillo auh in tlatoque cece[n]me moch tenochtli yn icpac ma[n]tihui yhuan Teçacatl Acaçitli micuilloque auh in q'[ui]cuilloque P[edr]o Quahtli, Miguel Toxochicuic, Luis Xochitototl, Miguel Yohualauach = se pintaron junto con las armas del emperador. Todos y cada uno de los gobernantes estaban parados sobre un nopal; se pintaron a Tençacatl y a Acaçitli. Los que hicieron la pintura fueron Pedro Quauhtli, Miguel Toxochicuic, Luis Xochitototl y Miguel Yohualauach. (ca. 1582, México)
Luis Reyes García, ¿Como te confundes? ¿Acaso no somos conquistados? Anales de Juan Bautista (Mexico: Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social, Biblioteca Lorenzo Boturini Insigne y Nacional Basílica de Guadalupe, 2001), 146–147.

themes:

Writing, Literacy

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