pantli.

Headword: 
pantli.
Principal English Translation: 

a ridge, a furrow, an agricultural row, and therefore a unit of measure of land; one pantli was one furrow; see also cempantli); also, pantli is sometimes equated with panitl and pamitl, a flag or banner, sometimes worn as a device with various shapes on a person's back and with a significance relating to sacrificial offerings; see also Papan, a name for both men and women, which appears to be the reduplication of the root of pantli or pamitl; see also -tecpantli, from the verb tecpana, to put in order or line up (which is what the flag signalled, for 20 people to form a line); hence, some also equate the pantli with 20, cempohualli

Orthographic Variants: 
pamitl, panitl
Lockhart’s Nahuatl as Written: 

banner. James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 229.

Attestations from sources in English: 

Visually, the tecpantli in Nahuatl hieroglyphs is a flag or banner, but should be seen as a number or a reference to a row, line, etc., of things that are counted. As Gordon Whittaker explains (Deciphering Aztec Hieroglyphs (2021), this flag is not to be confused with panitl, or pamitl (in Tetzcoco), and never simply pantli.

ompantli yn notlal = two strips of my land (Coyoacan, 1575)
Beyond the Codices, eds. Arthur J.O. Anderson, Frances Berdan, and James Lockhart (Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center, 1976), Doc. 20, 114–115.

ypantoyaval = his flag that hangs forward [on his head] (central Mexico, sixteenth century) Fray Bernardino de Sahagún, Primeros Memoriales, ed. Thelma D. Sullivan, et al. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), 108.

itonalopan = his flag with the sun symbol (central Mexico, sixteenth century)
Fray Bernardino de Sahagún, Primeros Memoriales, ed. Thelma D. Sullivan, et al. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), 109.

y amoxcuitlac matlactetl onahui cecenpoalpatli = in Amoxcuitlac there are 14 (chinampas) of 20 rows each (Culhuacan, sixteenth century)
Testaments of Culhuacan (provisionally modified first edition), eds. Sarah Cline and Miguel León-Portilla, online version http://www.history.ucsb.edu/cline/testaments_of_culhuacan.pdf, 6.

Pantli = a man's name (Cuernavaca region, ca. 1540s)
The Book of Tributes: Early Sixteenth-Century Nahuatl Censuses from Morelos, ed. and transl. S. L. Cline, (Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center Publications, 1993), 114–115. See also 164–165.

yey pātli = three measures called "pantli" — Lockhart felt that the coefficient of three suggested that a pantli was a "set unit" (Tulancingo, September 9, 1657)
James Lockhart collection, notes in the file "Land and Economy." For this example he cites the Tulancingo Collection in Special Collections at UCLA's research library, Folder 14.

yn tlalli tlacopantl ypan icac cacahuatl (a parcel [measuring] half a pantli upon which stands cacao?); this sold for 4 pesos and 4 tomines or reales; it was sold by a humble indigenous person to a Spaniard; also attested is "tlahcopatli" (referring to half a pantli, apparently); this last one sold for 4 pesos and 4 tomines or reales; it was also sold by a humble indigenous person to a Spaniard; and we see "tlaltotl tlacopatl" (perhaps a small parcel, half a pantli); this sold for 6 pesos; it was also sold by a humble indigenous person to a Spaniard (Tulancingo, November 3, 1687 and October 7, 1687)
James Lockhart collection, notes in the file "Land and Economy." For this example he cites the Tulancingo Collection in Special Collections at UCLA's research library, Folder 14. English translations proposed by Stephanie Wood.

marcos pantli (Tepetlaoztoc, sixteenth century)
Barbara J. Williams and H. R. Harvey, The Códice de Santa María Asunción: Facsimile and Commentary: Households and Lands in Sixteenth-Century Tepetlaoztoc (Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1997), 83.

Panitl, represented visually, could also stand (phonetically) for the name Huanitzin.
Barbara E. Mundy, The Death of Aztec Tenochtitlan, the Life of Mexico City (2015), 139.

Pamitl (with the m) was the variation preferred on "the northern and eastern flanks of the Valley of Mexico" [e.g. Tetzcoco).
José Jorge Klor de Alva, ‎Henry B. Nicholson, ‎and Eloise Quiñones Keber, The Work of Bernardino de Sahagún (1988), 323.

It is important not to confuse pantli (1) with tecpantli (20): yc centecpantli tlatlaque = making twenty that burned; and: yetecpantli onchiuhcnahui tlacatl = 69 people (early seventeenth century, central New Spain) Annals of His Time: Don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, James Lockhart, Susan Schroeder, and Doris Namala, eds. and transl. (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2006), 58–59.

Attestations from sources in Spanish: 

Pantli, Panitl, Pamitl = bandera, estandarte
Cecilio Agustín Robelo, Diccionario de aztequismos, o sea, Catálogo de las palabras del idioma nahuatl, azteca o mexicano (1904), 265.

yn metzitzinti yn nican quiahuac ca cacaxtolpantli = los magueyes que están afuera se componen de quince ringleras (Cuautitlan, Tepozotlan, 1639)
Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos en náhuatl y castellano del siglo XVII, vol. 3, Teresa Rojas Rabiela, et al, eds. (México: CIESAS, 2002), 210–211.

oniccauh chiquacen pantli yehuatzin quimochiuilia señor don Miguel Alexandrino gobernador yhuan centlacol quimochiuiliaya señor don Juan = compré seis pantles, que hacía el señor don Miguel Alexandrino, gobernador y la otra mitad sembraba el señor don Juan (Tulancingo, 1572) Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos indígenas novohispanos, vol. 2, Testamentos en náhuatl y castellano del siglo XVI, eds., Teresa Rojas Rabiela, Elsa Leticia Rea López, Constantino Medina Lima (Mexico: Consejo Nacional de Ciencias Tecnología, 1999), 166–167.

onpantli chinamitl yn opa temi Tlaçoloztoc cecenpohual cuemitl mamacuilte patlahuac ye Mexicopa itçtitemi = dos camellones que están e son en Tlazaloztoc, de cada veinte brazas en largo y cinco de ancho, que enderezan hacia México (San Juan Teotihuacan, 1563)
Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos indígenas novohispanos, vol. 2, Testamentos en náhuatl y castellano del siglo XVI, eds., Teresa Rojas Rabiela, Elsa Leticia Rea López, Constantino Medina Lima (Mexico: Consejo Nacional de Ciencias Tecnología, 1999), 146–147.

Se emplea en estos documentos (del siglo XVI de Tlaxcala) para medir el número de surcos de un campo cultivado: cempantli, 20 surcos; ompantli, 40 surcos, etcétera.
Thelma Sullivan, Documentos Tlaxcaltecas del siglo XVI en lengua náhuatl (Mexico: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 1987), 47.

ça cenpantzin ytepanco Sepastian Tlilantzin = un pantle a la linde de Sevastián Tlilantzin Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos indígenas novohispanos, vol. 1, Testamentos en castellano del siglo XVI y en náhuatl y castellano de Ocotelulco de los siglos XVI y XVII, eds. Teresa Rojas Rabiela, Elsa Leticia Rea López, y Constantino Medina Lima (Santa Bárbara Tamascolco, Tlaxcala, 1598), 288-289.

Pantli indica hileras, surcos, muros, etc., en una palabra, objetos o personas colocados en fila o en orden: ompantli tlaca, dos hileras de personas. Rémi Siméon, Diccionario de la lengua náhuatl o mexicana (Mexico: Siglo XXI, 1988), xlvi.

amo ueuey...cequi onpantli yepantly acah nappantli = no son grandes...algunos dos pantles (parcelas) o tres pantles alquien cuatro pantles (Tlaxcala, 1567)
Catálogo de documentos escritos en náhuatl, siglo XVI, vol. I (Tlaxcala: Gobierno del Estado de Tlaxcala y el Archivo Histórico del Estado de Tlaxcala, 2013), 65.

See also: