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quiliton.

Headword: 
quiliton.
Principal English Translation: 

Orange-fronted Parakeet, a bird (see Hunn, attestations)

Attestations from sources in English: 

QUILI-TON, possibly onomatopoetic, Orange-fronted Parakeet (Psitticara canicularis) [FC: 23 Qujliton] “It resembles the young yellow-headed parrot and the white-fronted parrot. It is small, tiny; the small head is chili-red. Everywhere [the body is] herb-green, dark green. The wing covers are dark red. The food is maize…. I give it grains of dried maize to eat.” Three species of Central Mexican parakeets (Psitticara) might fit this description. Only the Orange-fronted Parakeet has what might count as a “red head.” It is also the smallest of the three. Martin del Campo chose the similar Atlantic slope species, the Aztec Parakeet (P. nana). The Green Parakeet (P. holochlora) might also qualify, though it is larger than the first two. I suspect that the name is onomatopoetic, mimicking the calls: “kreer, kreei-kreei, rreek, ree-reeh” (Howell & Webb).
Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 11 – Earthly Things, no. 14, Part XII, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1963); Rafael Martín del Campo, “Ensayo de interpretación del Libro Undecimo de la Historia General de las Cosas de Nueva España de Fray Bernardino de Sahagún – 11 Las Aves (1),” Anales del Instituto de Biología Tomo XI, Núm. 1 (México, D.F., 1940); Steven N. G. Howell and Sophie Webb. A Guide to the Birds of Mexico and Northern Central America (Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York, Tokyo, 1995); and, with quotation selections, synthesis, and analysis here also appearing in E. S. Hunn, "The Aztec Fascination with Birds: Deciphering Sixteenth-Century Sources," unpublished manuscript, 2022, cited here with permission.

quiliton = "orange-chinned parakeet"
Digital Florentine Codex/Códice Florentino Digital, edited by Kim N. Richter and Alicia Maria Houtrouw, "Book 11: Earthly Things", fol. 23v, Getty Research Institute, 2023. https://florentinecodex.getty.edu/en/book/11/folio/23v/images/e0092e6f-5... Accessed 15 October 2025.

Attestations from sources in Spanish: 

quiliton = "periquito alas amarillas"
Digital Florentine Codex/Códice Florentino Digital, edited by Kim N. Richter and Alicia Maria Houtrouw, "Book 11: Earthly Things", fol. 23v, Getty Research Institute, 2023. https://florentinecodex.getty.edu/en/book/11/folio/23v/images/e0092e6f-5... Accessed 15 October 2025.

See also: