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icnotlacatl.

Headword: 
icnotlacatl.
Principal English Translation: 

orphan, humble person, poor person (see Molina and Lockhart); plural: icnotlaca

IPAspelling: 
iknoːtɬɑːkɑtɬ
Alonso de Molina: 

icnotlacatl. huerfano, o pobre necessitado. Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, 1571, part 2, Nahuatl to Spanish, f. 33v. col. 1. Thanks to Joe Campbell for providing the transcription.

Lockhart’s Nahuatl as Written: 

(i)cnōtlācatl. poor humble person, orphan. icnōtl, tlācatl. James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 219.

Attestations from sources in English: 

in icnotlacatl, in motolinja, in quiciaui, in quihiiouia: in aoneoatinemi, in aonmacitinemi, in apizmicqui, in teuciuhque = the orphan, the poor, the indigent, the needy, the pauper, the beggar, who were starved and famished (central Mexico, sixteenth century) Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 7 -- The Sun, Moon, and Stars, and the Binding of the Venus, No. 14, Part VIII, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 23. yn icnotlacatl ytoca Juana nicmacatiuh chicuey metl tepitoto = to the orphan named Juana I am giving eight small magueyes (San Pablo Tepemaxalco, Toluca Valley, 1691) Caterina Pizzigoni, ed., Testaments of Toluca (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Center Publications, 2007), 130. auh in nicnotlacatontli in nitlatlacoani = but I am a little wretch, I am a sinner (early seventeenth century, Central Mexico) Louise M. Burkhart, Before Guadalupe: The Virgin Mary in Early Colonial Nahuatl Literature, Institute for Mesoamerican Studies Monograph 13 (Albany: University at Albany, 2001), 57. Iiztitzin quitlanquatinemi, imatzin quimocozcatitinemi. Inin tlatolli, intechpa mitoaya: in mocnonemitia, in icnotlaca. = They are chewing their nails, they are hugging themselves. This was said of those who live in misery, of the poor. Thelma D. Sullivan, "Nahuatl Proverbs, Conundrums, and Metaphors, Collected by Sahagún," Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 4 (1963), 166–167. in uel elciciujnj in nelli icnotlacatl, in nelli icnopilli, in nelli motolinja = the truly sighing one, the truly miserable, the truly poverty-stricken one, the truly poor (central Mexico, sixteenth century) Fr. Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain; Book 6 -- Rhetoric and Moral Philosophy, No. 14, Part 7, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble (Santa Fe and Salt Lake City: School of American Research and the University of Utah, 1961), 8.

Attestations from sources in Spanish: 

miyecpa in governador in alcaldeme amo quincelia y motolinia yn icnotlaca in icnopipiltzitzintin amo no quintlavelcaquilia yn iquac icnoteylhuiya tetoliniliztli in impan chivalo = muchas veces el gobernador y los alcaldes no reciben a los pobres, a los desamparados, a los huérfanos; tampoco les aceptan cuando denuncian con humildad la aflicción que sobre ellos es hecha (Cuauhtinchan, Puebla, s. XVI) Luis Reyes García, "Ordenanzas para el gobierno de Cuauhtinchan, año de 1559," Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 10 (1972), 296–297. Yvan he ica ca y motoliniya yvan in icnotlacatl in amo naneque in amo tateque vel motolinia ynic amo chivililo melavac iusticia he yca ca ayac impan heva ayac impan tlatova yc impampa yc nicnequi omentin tlaca pepenalozque. Tocayotilozque yevantin in ixtlamatini in tlacaquini yvan in tlamatini ynic in procuradorvan intepantlatocavan yezque macevaltin hivan icnopipiltzitzintin = Y por cuanto los pobres, los huérfanos, los que no tienen madre, los que no tienen padre, sufren mucho a causa de que no se hace verdadera justicia, porque nadie se levanta por ellos, nadie habla por ellos, por esto deseo que se escojan dos personas. Serán nombrados los conocedores, los entendidos, los sabios, para que sean procuradores de los macehuales y de los huérfanos. (Cuauhtinchan, Puebla, s. XVI) Luis Reyes García, "Ordenanzas para el gobierno de Cuauhtinchan, año de 1559," Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 10 (1972), 296–297. Auh in ipatiyô zan yez ahmo tlazotli, ipampacà in Macehualtin ca huel huei icnotlacâ = Y el su precio sólo será no caro porque los indígenas son muy grande gente pobre (centro de México, s. XVIII) Neville Stiles, Jeff Burnham, James Nauman, "Los concejos médicos del Dr. Bartolache sobre las pastillas de fierro: Un documento colonial en el náhuatl del siglo XVIII," Estudios de Cultural Náhuatl 19 (1989), 269–287, ver página 280. nicnotlacatzintli = soy un pobre Vidas y bienes olvidados: Testamentos indígenas novohispanos, vol. 1, Testamentos en castellano del siglo XVI y en náhuatl y castellano de Ocotelulco de los siglos XVI y XVII, eds. Teresa Rojas Rabiela, Elsa Leticia Rea López, y Constantino Medina Lima (Santa Bárbara, Tamasolco, Tlaxcala, 1598), 306-307.

themes: 
Social Hierarchy, Commoners, Elites