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Displaying 401 - 440 of 1121 records found.
... http://www.history.ucsb.edu/cline/testaments_of_culhuacan.pdf , 7. yn aquin poliuiz yvan yn amo vallas yn oncan yc ...

ce.

one
James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 213.

ruler ("one who speaks"), dignitary, judge, speaker, great lord, king; also used in reference to various high Spanish officials.
James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 238.

stick; wood; tree(s); a forest; a club; a staff of office; also, a unit of measure; referring to a stick used in measurement; a "rod" (though this is much smaller than the English rod); sometimes translated into Spanish as "braza;" often equivalent to the matl (Cline); also, a person's name

S. L. Cline, Colonial Culhuacan, 1580-1600: A Social History of an Aztec Town (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1986), p. 236.

... http://www.history.ucsb.edu/cline/testaments_of_culhuacan.pdf , 13. Acha yc quicohuasquia nahui tomin = to buy an axe, ...
... http://www.history.ucsb.edu/cline/testaments_of_culhuacan.pdf , 14. Auh in cihoapiltontli, qujcencavilia cuetontli, ...
... http://www.history.ucsb.edu/cline/testaments_of_culhuacan.pdf , 19. The orthographic variant yehime is found in a ...
... http://www.history.ucsb.edu/cline/testaments_of_culhuacan.pdf , 18. tetl cenquapantli = one cuappantli of stone ...

omnipotentem; something all powerful; this was sometimes translated by ecclesiastics into "ixquich ihuillli," which Bartolomé de Alva did not support, because he argued that "ixquich" was finite and limited

(central Mexico, 1634)
Bartolomé de Alva, A Guide to Confession Large and Small in the Mexican Language, 1634, eds. Barry D. Sell and John Frederick Schwaller, with Lu Ann Homza (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999), 11.

laurel branches used in penitential offerings (Karttunen); or fir branches (Anderson and Dibble translating Sahagún); or, a rope woven of reeds, branches, or grass
Angel Julián García Zambrano, "Ancestral Rituals of Landscape Exploration and Appropriation among Indigenous Communities in Early Colonial Mexico," in Sacred Gardens and Landscapes: Ritual and Agency, ed. Michel Conan (Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Harvard University Press, 2007), 204.

a staff with a crosspiece; a stick instrument, resting with the feet, and with the hands; or, the name of an instrument of one who works obsidian
All of these definitions come from A. Wimmer and the Gran Diccionario Náhuatl, https://gdn.iib.unam.mx/diccionario/itzcolotli, with translations here to English--as needed--by Stephanie Wood.

one who has fire; also, the name of a serpent
Gran Diccionario Náhuatl, citing A. Wimmer 2004, who draws from Sahagún and Durán https://gdn.iib.unam.mx/diccionario/tlehua/73569 and https://gdn.iib.unam.mx/diccionario/tlehua/189059. Translations here to English by Stephanie Wood.

foam, vapor, smoke, scum; this is part of the name for tin (amochitl) and it appears in the Florentine Codex, Book 11, f. 215r., but translations vary. Digital Florentine Codex, https://florentinecodex.getty.edu/book/11/folio/215r

See also the suggestion of a type of tree in the attestations.

feast day of the lords, a day in the calendar for celebrating the lords; the eighth annual festival; also called hueyi (or huei) tecuilhuitl

Gran Diccionario Náhuatl, citing Wimmer 2004, who cites the Florentine Codex, Book 2, ff. 96–107, and the Primeros Memoriales, f. 251r. "calendrier, 'hueyi têcuilhuitl', n.propre de la 8ème fête annuelle." Translated here from French to English by Stephanie Wood

... de convivencia entre dos idiomas." A free, full-text online PDF. in tiqujmjpitza in chocanj, in tlaoculanj, in ...
... http://whp.wired-humanities.org/nahlib/envlp/Tlatelolco1.pdf totecuyo = our lord (central Mexico, late seventeenth or ...

the name of a month of twenty days; this is also the name of a bird and a festival that involved the use of the birds' feathers
James Lockhart, We People Here: Nahuatl Accounts of the Conquest of Mexico, Repertorium Columbianum v. 1 (Los Angeles: UCLA Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, 1993), 174. 178.

a month for bathing and sacrificing enslaved people (sixteenth century, central Mexico)
Charles E. Dibble, "The Xalaquia Ceremony," Estudios de Cultura Nahuatl 14 (1980), 197–202, see especially 199.

a pink aquatic bird (Carochi)

an enslaved human being

St. (Saint)

to torment, to afflict (transitive)

Michel Launey, An Introduction to Classical Nahuatl, translated and adapted by Christopher MacKay (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011), 230.

to suffer burning pain (reflexive)

Susanne Klaus, Uprooted Christianity: The Preaching of the Christian Doctrine in Mexico, Based on Franciscan Sermons of the 16th Century Written in Nahuatl (Bonn: Bonner Amerikanistische Studien e. V. c/o Seminar für Völkerkunde, Universität Bonn, 1999), 248.

next to, with, or at

a place name; an altepetl south of Mexico City (hence, saying "toward Xochimilco" was a way of indicating "to the south"; the place name translates: "place of flower fields;" it was in the heart of the chinampa zone of the Basin of Mexico
James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 241.

enemy; in compounds (-yao-), refers to war, hostilities, battle(s); when a personal name, translates "combatant;" and, a deity's name, part of the Tezcatlipoca Complex of deities that relate to power, omnipotence, often malevolence, feasting, and revelry.
"Table 3. Major Deities of the Late Pre-Hispanic Central Mexican Nahua-Speaking Communities," Handbook of Middle American Indians, Volume 6: Social Anthropology, ed Manning Nash (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1967).

an important altepetl near Mexico City, this came to be Hispanized as Tacuba
James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 236.

the root, tlacotl, has been seen translated as a "long slender stick or pole," useful for making arrows, and an "osier twig;" and Tlacopan as "place of stalks" or "florid plants"

to change one's mind, to have a change of heart (nino); to make someone change his or her mind or opinion (nite); to turn against something, to resist, rebel

Translated from Rémi Siméon, Diccionario de la lengua náhuatl o mexicana, facsimile edition ed. Miguel León-Portilla (Guadalajara: Edmundo Aviña Levy, 1972), 194.

Also seen in the twentieth century in relation to turning into an animal. (See attestations in Spanish.)

that which is greatly desired or needed; or, full of desire; or, the Sun, Lord of the Earth

Gran diccionario Náhuatl, citing Wimmer 2004 (who draws from Sahagún), "forme verbale, sur nehnequi, il est plein de désirs. / titre divin du Soleil, seigneur de la terre;" a verb form, from nehnequi, full of desire, or a divine title for the Sun, Lord of the Earth. (translation here by Stephanie Wood).

what, that, which, that which (see Lockhart and attestations)

to deliver (causative of calaqui, to enter, i.e., to make enter, make ensure something arrives at a place)

... http://www.history.ucsb.edu/cline/testaments_of_culhuacan.pdf , 4. ynic cenca miequintin ҫatepan oquinextique yn ...

one who lives and/or works at the temple or church (SW)

although, even though, even if, nevertheless (see Molina and attestations)

affliction, poverty, bother, etc.

James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 227.

to acquire land, to conquer, to be deserving of land and obtain territory for the founding of an altepetl (SW)

perhaps, maybe, by chance (see Molina); see also our separate entry for zo in contemporary Eastern Huastecan Nahuatl, which means "or"

in truth, truly (adverb); the truth, the true one (noun); to be diligent, careful

the human foot, feet (see Molina and Karttunen); can also refer to an animal or insect foot (see our Visual Lexicon of Aztec Hieroglyphs, https://aztecglyphs.wired-humanities.org/content/chapolicxitlan)

the second degree of consanguinity (an ecclesiastical term translated into Nahuatl)

(central Mexico, seventeenth century)
Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 2, 114–115.

a place name equated with Tlacochcalco in some sources; said to be "dos pueblos" (two pueblos); also translated as the "casa de dardos"
See: https://www.lavozdelnorte.com.mx/2014/04/13/migraciones-de-lengua-nahuat... and https://historiasleyendasycuentosdemexico.es.tl/Cap%EDtulos-11-a-20.htm

one of the sacred names held by the divine force also known as Huitzilopochtli, taken as an ethnic name by the migrants who were carrying him and settling Mexico-Tenochtitlan
Gran Diccionario del Náhuatl, citing A. Wimmer (2004), who quotes from Launey and other sources, https://gdn.iib.unam.mx/diccionario/mexi/54637. Translation and paraphrasing here by Stephanie Wood