V

cow, cows (vacas, vacastin, huacax); ox, oxen
(a loanword from Spanish; a reanalyzed plural form of vaca, the word for "cow" in Spanish, huacax, can be seen to intend singular or plural)

Caterina Pizzigoni, ed., Testaments of Toluca (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Center Publications, 2007), 69.

a granddaughter of Moteuczoma Xocoyotl had this last name; Chimalpahin specifically calls her a mestiza; indicative of the transition of power that came with the Spanish colonization of Mexico, and how indigenous elites took on Spanish surnames (central Mexico, seventeenth century)
Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 2, 108–109.

a name taken by Nahuas in the post-contact period, such as don Antonio Valeriano, a governor and judge in Azcapotzalco; don Antnio married a niece, doña Bárbara (daughter of don Juan de Tovar), and they had a son Nicolás Valeriano (central Mexico, seventeenth century)
Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 2, 102–103.

Barry D. Sell calls don Antonio Valeriano "the most renowned Nahua Latinist of colonial Mexico"
See Sell's comments in Bartolomé de Alva, A Guide to Confession Large and Small in the Mexican Language, 1634, eds. Barry D. Sell and John Frederick Schwaller, with Lu Ann Homza (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999), 27, note 58.

an artistically trimmed mane
(a loanword from Spanish)

a Spanish colonial "yard," or 0.82 meters; also, the staff or scepter of office of a municipal council member; both of these are concepts introduced by Spaniards

Charles Gibson, The Aztecs Under Spanish Rule: A History of the Indians of the Valley of Mexico, 1519-1810, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1964.

the musical term, "base"
See: Sebastián de Covarrubias Orozco, Tesoro de la lengua castellana, Madrid, 1611, where the term vaso appears.

resident, citizen

twenty (a loanword from Spanish)

a name, a Spanish surname; it was also taken by indigenous people; e.g. don Hernando Velázquez, named in the testament of don Antonio Pimentel, possibly an executor or possibly a ruler to succeed Pimentel; he was a son of Coanacochtzin

(central Mexico, early seventeenth century)
Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 2, 202–203.