Spanish Loanwords

beam (see attestations)

the Roman numerals for 7, a loan

a Spanish surname carried by a mestizo, Gabriel de Villafuerte, who was the son of an indigenous noblewoman named doña Juana (daughter of Huehue Chicome Xochitzin) and a Spanish captain and conqueror who came to Mexico in the company of Hernando Cortés, Juan Rodríguez de Villafuerte; Gabriel's grandfather Huehue Chicome Xochitzin was the son of Cacamatzin tlacochcalcatl, who was the son of Tlilpotonqui cihuacoatl, who was the son (apparently) of Tlacaeleltzin; such a genealogy links pre-contact with Spanish colonial times

(central Mexico, seventeenth century)
Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 2, 89–90, 98–99.

a Spanish surname; the name of a Doctor (probably a high court justice) in sixteenth-century New Spain
(a loanword from Spanish)

wine, liquor, alcohol (a loanword from Spanish)

Virgo, a sign of the zodiac; actually, originally a loanword from Latin, although possibly similar in siixteenth-century Spanish; see Lori Boornazian Diel, The Codex Mexicanus: A Guide to Life in Late-Sixteenth-Century New Spain (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2018), 173.

Also attested as a sign of the zociac in: central Mexico, early seventeenth century, Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 2, 124–125.

viceroy, or vice-king, highest colonial official, a position held by Spaniards (see also our entry for visorey)

an inspector
(a loanword from Spanish)

viceroy, or vice-king, highest colonial official, a position held by Spaniards (see also virrey, which is somewhat less common as a loanword in Nahuatl texts)
James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 241.

one who supplies victuals or foodstuffs
(a loanword from Spanish)

the Basque region of what is now Spain
(a loanword from Spanish)

a Roman numeral for the number 10 (see attestations)

the Roman numerals for 8, a loan

the Roman numerals for 40 (see attestations)