a flayed human skin Digital Florentine Codex/Códice Florentino Digital, edited by Kim N. Richter and Alicia Maria Houtrouw, "Book 9: The Merchants", fol. 6v, Getty Research Institute, 2023. https://florentinecodex.getty.edu/en/book/9/folio/6v/images/0 Accessed 27 August 2025.
a personal name; e.g. a ruler of Mexico-Tenochtitlan; son of Huitzilihuitl and grandson of Acamapichtli (who was the first ruler of Tenochtitlan); Tlacaeleltzin held the title cihuacoatl; he married a noblewoman from Amaquemecan named Maquiztzin, and she was a daughter of Huehue Quetzalmazatzin Chichimeca teuhctli, a ruler of Itztlacozauhcan Amaquemecan; their child was Tlilpotocatzin, who also became a cihuacoatl (central Mexico, seventeenth century) Codex Chimalpahin: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahuatl Altepetl in Central Mexico; The Nahuatl and Spanish Annals and Accounts Collected and Recorded by don Domingo de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin, eds. and transl. Arthur J. O. Anderson and Susan Schroeder (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1997), vol. 2, 108–109.
for someone to grant or concede something, to be generous; often said in a spirit of giving thanks, could be translated as "thanks" James Lockhart, Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts (Stanford: Stanford University Press and UCLA Latin American Studies, 2001), 235.
a carrying frame for holding a person in a reclining position; see huacalli and see the Visual Lexicon of Aztec Hieroglyphs, where the frame may be on fire, and if so, perhaps this is a frame for carrying a dead body, https://aztecglyphs.wired-humanities.org/content/tlacahuacalli-tr25v
for it to be light somewhere because a fire has been lit or a light has been turned on.
# Una persona prende la luz de noche. “Yo, cuando veo que ya está oscureciendo, prendo la luz de afuera de mi casa para que no tengan miedo los visitantes”.