One-who-has-emitted-a-slapping or popping sound; in the Treatise, the name occurs in apposition to Xolotl. (Atenango, between Mexico City and Acapulco, 1629) Hernando Ruiz de Alarcón, Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain, 1629, eds. and transl. J. Richard Andrews and Ross Hassig (Norman and London: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984), 220.
Here in This Year: Seventeenth-Century Nahuatl Annals of the Tlaxcala-Puebla Valley, ed. and transl. Camilla Townsend, with an essay by James Lockhart (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2010), 94–95.
captain, leader of an armed group; in early sixteenth-century contexts, and with no referents, the term can refer to Hernando Cortés; leaders of painting groups were also capitanes
a type of caterpillar that makes cocoons in the native "cherry" trees (capolin); the caterpillar is also called the ahuatl; they eat the greenery off the trees; they are not edible Digital Florentine Codex/Códice Florentino Digital, edited by Kim N. Richter and Alicia Maria Houtrouw, "Book 11: Earthly Things", fol. 103r, Sahagún, Bernardino de. Florentine Codex: General History of the Things of New Spain. Transcribed and translated with notes by Arthur J. O. Anderson and Charles E. Dibble. 2nd rev. ed. Santa Fe, NM: School of American Research / University of Utah Press, 1950–82. Getty Research Institute, 2023. https://florentinecodex.getty.edu/en/book/11/folio/103r Accessed 7 November 2025.